Abstract
We have investigated trifluoroacetic acid (TFA)
formation from emissions of HFO-1234yf (CF3CFH2), its
dry and wet deposition, and rainwater concentration over India,
China, and the Middle East with GEOS-Chem and WRFChem
models. We estimated the TFA deposition and rainwater
concentrations between 2020 and 2040 for four previously
published HFO-1234yf emission scenarios to bound
the possible levels of TFA. We evaluated the capability of
GEOS-Chem to capture the wet deposition process by comparing
calculated sulfate in rainwater with observations. Our
calculated TFA amounts over the USA, Europe, and China
were comparable to those previously reported when normalized
to the same emission. A significant proportion of TFA
was found to be deposited outside the emission regions. The
mean and the extremes of TFA rainwater concentrations calculated
for the four emission scenarios from GEOS-Chem
and WRF-Chem were orders of magnitude below the no
observable effect concentration. The ecological and human
health impacts now, and the continued use of HFO-1234yf
in India, China, and the Middle East, are estimated to be insignificant
based on the current understanding, as summarized
by Neale et al. (2021).
formation from emissions of HFO-1234yf (CF3CFH2), its
dry and wet deposition, and rainwater concentration over India,
China, and the Middle East with GEOS-Chem and WRFChem
models. We estimated the TFA deposition and rainwater
concentrations between 2020 and 2040 for four previously
published HFO-1234yf emission scenarios to bound
the possible levels of TFA. We evaluated the capability of
GEOS-Chem to capture the wet deposition process by comparing
calculated sulfate in rainwater with observations. Our
calculated TFA amounts over the USA, Europe, and China
were comparable to those previously reported when normalized
to the same emission. A significant proportion of TFA
was found to be deposited outside the emission regions. The
mean and the extremes of TFA rainwater concentrations calculated
for the four emission scenarios from GEOS-Chem
and WRF-Chem were orders of magnitude below the no
observable effect concentration. The ecological and human
health impacts now, and the continued use of HFO-1234yf
in India, China, and the Middle East, are estimated to be insignificant
based on the current understanding, as summarized
by Neale et al. (2021).
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 14833–14849 |
| Journal | Atmospheric chemistry and physics |
| Volume | 21 |
| Issue number | 19 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 6 Oct 2021 |
