TY - JOUR
T1 - Trajectories of adolescent perceived stress and symptoms of depression and anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic
AU - van Loon, Amanda W.G.
AU - Creemers, Hanneke E.
AU - Vogelaar, Simone
AU - Saab, Nadira
AU - Miers, Anne C.
AU - Westenberg, P. Michiel
AU - Asscher, Jessica J.
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by a grant from the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO), grant number 400.17.601, work package 3. The funders had no role in the conceptualization, design, data collection, analysis, decision to publish or preparation of the manuscript.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022, The Author(s).
PY - 2022/9/24
Y1 - 2022/9/24
N2 - Adolescents might be particularly affected by the drastic social changes as a consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic, given the increased stress-sensitivity and importance of the social environment in this developmental phase. In order to examine heterogeneity during the pandemic, the current study aimed to identify whether subgroups of adolescents could be distinguished based on their levels of perceived stress and symptoms of depression and anxiety. In addition, we examined which prepandemic factors predicted these trajectories. Adolescents were assessed before the pandemic (N = 188, Mage = 13.49, SD = 0.81) and at three timepoints during the pandemic (i.e., eight, ten, and 15 months after the start of the pandemic in the Netherlands). Results showed no support for distinct trajectories of perceived stress, adolescents experienced stable moderate levels during the pandemic. In contrast, results showed three trajectories for depression and anxiety. The majority of adolescents reported stable low or moderate levels and one small subgroup reported high levels of depression and anxiety that decreased during the pandemic. Certain prepandemic factors predicted higher initial levels of stress and symptoms of depression and anxiety during the pandemic. To support adolescents with prepandemic vulnerabilities, strategies could be developed, for instance enhancing adolescents’ social support.
AB - Adolescents might be particularly affected by the drastic social changes as a consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic, given the increased stress-sensitivity and importance of the social environment in this developmental phase. In order to examine heterogeneity during the pandemic, the current study aimed to identify whether subgroups of adolescents could be distinguished based on their levels of perceived stress and symptoms of depression and anxiety. In addition, we examined which prepandemic factors predicted these trajectories. Adolescents were assessed before the pandemic (N = 188, Mage = 13.49, SD = 0.81) and at three timepoints during the pandemic (i.e., eight, ten, and 15 months after the start of the pandemic in the Netherlands). Results showed no support for distinct trajectories of perceived stress, adolescents experienced stable moderate levels during the pandemic. In contrast, results showed three trajectories for depression and anxiety. The majority of adolescents reported stable low or moderate levels and one small subgroup reported high levels of depression and anxiety that decreased during the pandemic. Certain prepandemic factors predicted higher initial levels of stress and symptoms of depression and anxiety during the pandemic. To support adolescents with prepandemic vulnerabilities, strategies could be developed, for instance enhancing adolescents’ social support.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85138460133&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1038/s41598-022-20344-y
DO - 10.1038/s41598-022-20344-y
M3 - Article
C2 - 36153394
AN - SCOPUS:85138460133
SN - 2045-2322
VL - 12
JO - Scientific Reports
JF - Scientific Reports
IS - 1
M1 - 15957
ER -