Three-Dimensional Structure and Defects in Colloidal Photonic Crystals Revealed by Tomographic Scanning Transmission X-ray Microscopy

Jan Hilhorst; Matti M. van Schooneveld; Jian Wang; Emiel de Smit; Tolek Tyliszczak; Joerg Raabe; Adam P. Hitchcock; Martin Obst; Frank M. F. de Groot; Andrei V. Petukhov

doi:10.1021/la204580y

Three-Dimensional Structure and Defects in Colloidal Photonic Crystals Revealed by Tomographic Scanning Transmission X-ray Microscopy

Jan Hilhorst, Matti M. van Schooneveld, Jian Wang, Emiel de Smit, Tolek Tyliszczak, Joerg Raabe, Adam P. Hitchcock, Martin Obst, Frank M. F. de Groot, Andrei V. Petukhov^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Academic › peer-review

Abstract

Self-assembled colloidal crystals have attracted major attention because of their potential as low-cost three-dimensional (3D) photonic crystals. Although a high degree of perfection is crucial for the properties of these materials, little is known about their exact structure and internal defects. In this study, we use tomographic scanning transmission X-ray microscopy (STXM) to access the internal structure of self-assembled colloidal photonic crystals with high spatial resolution in three dimensions for the first time. The positions of individual particles of 236 nm in diameter are identified in three dimensions, and the local crystal structure is revealed. Through image analysis, structural defects, such as vacancies and stacking faults, are identified. Tomographic STXM is shown to be an attractive and complementary imaging tool for photonic materials and other strongly absorbing or scattering materials that cannot be characterized by either transmission or scanning electron microscopy or optical nanoscopy.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	3614-3620
Number of pages	7
Journal	Langmuir
Volume	28
Issue number	7
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1021/la204580y
Publication status	Published - 21 Feb 2012

Funding

This work was financially supported by a VICI grant (FMFdG) of The Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO-CW). We thank beamline 10ID-1 (SM) at the CLS for beam time and support. The ALS is supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy, under Contract DE-AC02-05CH11231. The CLS is supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, the National Research Council Canada, the Canadian Institutes of Health Research, the Province of Saskatchewan, Western Economic Diversification Canada, and the University of Saskatchewan.

Keywords

HARD-SPHERE CRYSTALS
INFRARED WAVELENGTHS
ELECTRON TOMOGRAPHY
BANDGAP CRYSTALS
SINGLE-CRYSTALS
SILICA SPHERES
DIFFRACTION
SPECTROMICROSCOPY
THICKNESS
FIBERS

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title = "Three-Dimensional Structure and Defects in Colloidal Photonic Crystals Revealed by Tomographic Scanning Transmission X-ray Microscopy",

abstract = "Self-assembled colloidal crystals have attracted major attention because of their potential as low-cost three-dimensional (3D) photonic crystals. Although a high degree of perfection is crucial for the properties of these materials, little is known about their exact structure and internal defects. In this study, we use tomographic scanning transmission X-ray microscopy (STXM) to access the internal structure of self-assembled colloidal photonic crystals with high spatial resolution in three dimensions for the first time. The positions of individual particles of 236 nm in diameter are identified in three dimensions, and the local crystal structure is revealed. Through image analysis, structural defects, such as vacancies and stacking faults, are identified. Tomographic STXM is shown to be an attractive and complementary imaging tool for photonic materials and other strongly absorbing or scattering materials that cannot be characterized by either transmission or scanning electron microscopy or optical nanoscopy.",

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author = "Jan Hilhorst and {van Schooneveld}, {Matti M.} and Jian Wang and {de Smit}, Emiel and Tolek Tyliszczak and Joerg Raabe and Hitchcock, {Adam P.} and Martin Obst and {de Groot}, {Frank M. F.} and Petukhov, {Andrei V.}",

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doi = "10.1021/la204580y",

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AU - Hilhorst, Jan

AU - van Schooneveld, Matti M.

AU - Wang, Jian

AU - de Smit, Emiel

AU - Tyliszczak, Tolek

AU - Raabe, Joerg

AU - Hitchcock, Adam P.

AU - Obst, Martin

AU - de Groot, Frank M. F.

AU - Petukhov, Andrei V.

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AB - Self-assembled colloidal crystals have attracted major attention because of their potential as low-cost three-dimensional (3D) photonic crystals. Although a high degree of perfection is crucial for the properties of these materials, little is known about their exact structure and internal defects. In this study, we use tomographic scanning transmission X-ray microscopy (STXM) to access the internal structure of self-assembled colloidal photonic crystals with high spatial resolution in three dimensions for the first time. The positions of individual particles of 236 nm in diameter are identified in three dimensions, and the local crystal structure is revealed. Through image analysis, structural defects, such as vacancies and stacking faults, are identified. Tomographic STXM is shown to be an attractive and complementary imaging tool for photonic materials and other strongly absorbing or scattering materials that cannot be characterized by either transmission or scanning electron microscopy or optical nanoscopy.

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KW - INFRARED WAVELENGTHS

KW - ELECTRON TOMOGRAPHY

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KW - SINGLE-CRYSTALS

KW - SILICA SPHERES

KW - DIFFRACTION

KW - SPECTROMICROSCOPY

KW - THICKNESS

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Three-Dimensional Structure and Defects in Colloidal Photonic Crystals Revealed by Tomographic Scanning Transmission X-ray Microscopy

Abstract

Funding

Keywords

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