The Structure of the C4C4RING Finger of Human NOT4 Reveals Features Distinct from those of C3HC4RING Fingers

The NOT4 protein is a component of the CCR4-NOT complex, a global regulator of RNA polymerase II transcription. Human NOT4 (hNOT4) contains a RING finger motif of the C4C4type. We expressed and purified the N-terminal region of hNOT4 (residues 1-78) encompassing the RING finger motif and determined the solution structure by heteronuclear NMR. NMR experiments using a113Cd-substituted hNOT4 RING finger showed that two metal ions are bound through cysteine residues in a cross-brace manner. The three-dimensional structure of the hNOT4 RING finger was refined with root mean square deviation values of 0.58 ± 0.13 Å for the backbone atoms and 1.08 ± 0.12 A for heavy atoms. The hNOT4 RING finger consists of an α-helix and three long loops that are stabilized by zinc coordination. The overall folding of the hNOT4 RING finger is similar to that of the C3HC4RING fingers. The relative orientation of the two zinc-chelating loops and the α-helix is well conserved. However, for the other regions, the secondary structural elements are distinct.