The role of vision in egocentric and allocentric spatial frames of reference

Introduction
Spatial frames of reference are necessary to encode and to
represent the position of objects in space. Egocentric
frames define spatial information in relation to the body,
while allocentric ones use external landmarks (e.g. Paillard
1991). The processing of spatial frames of reference
is functional to several purposes, from acting to recognizing
scenes and objects. Given the important role of
vision in action and spatial memory (see Milner and
Goodale 1995), the question arises of how egocentric and
allocentric relations are processed in the absence of
vision.