The job demands-resources model

This chapter focuses on one of most influential frameworks, the Job Demands-Resources (JDR) model, which conceptualizes job demands and job resources within the work environment, and how these factors affect health and well-being over time. It reviews the research conducted in relation to the JDR framework, which links job demands and job resources to health, wellbeing, and other outcomes. The chapter also discusses other extensions of the model, such as the inclusion of personal resources, as well as job resources; that is, extending the model to include individual-level factors, and environmental factors. The different ways of incorporating personal resources into the JDR model are then examined. Finally, the chapter provides some practical discussion of how the JDR model can be used as the theoretical basis for interventions in organizations, and also the development of individual-level strategies to improve the content of one's job to make it more interesting and enjoyable.