TY - JOUR
T1 - The impact of gut microbiota-derived metabolites in autism spectrum disorders
AU - Peralta-Marzal, Lucía N.
AU - Prince, Naika
AU - Bajic, Djordje
AU - Roussin, Léa
AU - Naudon, Laurent
AU - Rabot, Sylvie
AU - Garssen, Johan
AU - Kraneveld, Aletta D.
AU - Perez-Pardo, Paula
N1 - Funding Information:
This review was written in the context of the GEMMA project [grant number 00002771-13001252].
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ 4.0/).
PY - 2021/9
Y1 - 2021/9
N2 - Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a set of neurodevelopmental disorders characterised by behavioural impairment and deficiencies in social interaction and communication. A recent study estimated that 1 in 89 children have developed some form of ASD in European countries. Moreover, there is no specific treatment and since ASD is not a single clinical entity, the identification of molecular biomarkers for diagnosis remains challenging. Besides behavioural deficiencies, individuals with ASD often develop comorbid medical conditions including intestinal problems, which may reflect aberrations in the bidirectional communication between the brain and the gut. The impact of faecal microbial composition in brain development and behavioural functions has been repeatedly linked to ASD, as well as changes in the metabolic profile of individuals affected by ASD. Since metabolism is one of the major drivers of microbiome–host interactions, this review aims to report emerging literature showing shifts in gut microbiota metabolic function in ASD. Additionally, we discuss how these changes may be involved in and/or perpetuate ASD pathology. These valuable insights can help us to better comprehend ASD pathogenesis and may provide relevant biomarkers for improving diagnosis and identifying new therapeutic targets.
AB - Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a set of neurodevelopmental disorders characterised by behavioural impairment and deficiencies in social interaction and communication. A recent study estimated that 1 in 89 children have developed some form of ASD in European countries. Moreover, there is no specific treatment and since ASD is not a single clinical entity, the identification of molecular biomarkers for diagnosis remains challenging. Besides behavioural deficiencies, individuals with ASD often develop comorbid medical conditions including intestinal problems, which may reflect aberrations in the bidirectional communication between the brain and the gut. The impact of faecal microbial composition in brain development and behavioural functions has been repeatedly linked to ASD, as well as changes in the metabolic profile of individuals affected by ASD. Since metabolism is one of the major drivers of microbiome–host interactions, this review aims to report emerging literature showing shifts in gut microbiota metabolic function in ASD. Additionally, we discuss how these changes may be involved in and/or perpetuate ASD pathology. These valuable insights can help us to better comprehend ASD pathogenesis and may provide relevant biomarkers for improving diagnosis and identifying new therapeutic targets.
KW - Autism spectrum disorders
KW - Bacterial metabolites
KW - Microbiota-Gut-Brain axis
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85115110705&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3390/ijms221810052
DO - 10.3390/ijms221810052
M3 - Review article
AN - SCOPUS:85115110705
SN - 1661-6596
VL - 22
SP - 1
EP - 25
JO - International Journal of Molecular Sciences
JF - International Journal of Molecular Sciences
IS - 18
M1 - 10052
ER -