The hydrogen permeability of Pd-Cu based thin film membranes in relation to their structure: A combinatorial approach

R. J. Westerwaal; E. A. Bouman; W. G. Haije; H. Schreuders; S. Dutta; M. Y. Wu; C. Boelsma; P. Ngene; S. Basak; B. Dam

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2015.01.124

The hydrogen permeability of Pd-Cu based thin film membranes in relation to their structure: A combinatorial approach

R. J. Westerwaal^*, E. A. Bouman, W. G. Haije, H. Schreuders, S. Dutta, M. Y. Wu, C. Boelsma, P. Ngene, S. Basak, B. Dam

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Academic › peer-review

Abstract

Pd-Cu is a well-known alloy for H-2 separation membranes. Using a new optical combinatorial method we determined the H-2 permeability of Pd-Cu alloys at room temperature in relation to their crystal structure and microstructure. Compositional gradient samples allow us to determine the intrinsic permeability as a function of the alloy composition. From a detailed XRD, TEM and AFM analysis we find that the pure fcc and bcc phases have a very low permeability, whereas the mixed bcc/fcc phases show the highest permeability for thin film alloys prepared at higher temperatures. Therefore interstitial-bulk hydrogen diffusion is most probably not the main transport mechanism. Instead we argue that the hydrogen transport occurs mainly along the heterogeneous grain boundaries. As compared to the bulk phase diagram we find that the mixed bcc/fcc region in our Pd-Cu thin films is larger than reported in literature (ranging from 43 at% -65 at% Pd at 483 K). Copyright (C) 2015, Hydrogen Energy Publications, LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	3932-3943
Number of pages	12
Journal	International Journal of Hydrogen Energy
Volume	40
Issue number	10
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2015.01.124
Publication status	Published - 16 Mar 2015
Externally published	Yes

Funding

The authors thank Ronald Griessen and Sven de Man for fruitful discussions. This work is part of the research of the Stichting voor Fundamenteel Onderzoek der Materie (FOM), which is financially supported by the Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (NWO).

Keywords

Hydrogen permeability
Hydrogen membrane
Combinatorial method
Pd-Cu phase diagram
Structure
COPPER-PALLADIUM ALLOYS
COMPOSITE MEMBRANES
SEPARATION
DIFFUSION
PERMEATION
FLUX
TRANSPORT
NICKEL
H-2
TRANSFORMATION

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10.1016/j.ijhydene.2015.01.124

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title = "The hydrogen permeability of Pd-Cu based thin film membranes in relation to their structure: A combinatorial approach",

abstract = "Pd-Cu is a well-known alloy for H-2 separation membranes. Using a new optical combinatorial method we determined the H-2 permeability of Pd-Cu alloys at room temperature in relation to their crystal structure and microstructure. Compositional gradient samples allow us to determine the intrinsic permeability as a function of the alloy composition. From a detailed XRD, TEM and AFM analysis we find that the pure fcc and bcc phases have a very low permeability, whereas the mixed bcc/fcc phases show the highest permeability for thin film alloys prepared at higher temperatures. Therefore interstitial-bulk hydrogen diffusion is most probably not the main transport mechanism. Instead we argue that the hydrogen transport occurs mainly along the heterogeneous grain boundaries. As compared to the bulk phase diagram we find that the mixed bcc/fcc region in our Pd-Cu thin films is larger than reported in literature (ranging from 43 at% -65 at% Pd at 483 K). Copyright (C) 2015, Hydrogen Energy Publications, LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.",

keywords = "Hydrogen permeability, Hydrogen membrane, Combinatorial method, Pd-Cu phase diagram, Structure, COPPER-PALLADIUM ALLOYS, COMPOSITE MEMBRANES, SEPARATION, DIFFUSION, PERMEATION, FLUX, TRANSPORT, NICKEL, H-2, TRANSFORMATION",

author = "Westerwaal, {R. J.} and Bouman, {E. A.} and Haije, {W. G.} and H. Schreuders and S. Dutta and Wu, {M. Y.} and C. Boelsma and P. Ngene and S. Basak and B. Dam",

year = "2015",

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doi = "10.1016/j.ijhydene.2015.01.124",

language = "English",

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journal = "International Journal of Hydrogen Energy",

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T1 - The hydrogen permeability of Pd-Cu based thin film membranes in relation to their structure

T2 - A combinatorial approach

AU - Westerwaal, R. J.

AU - Bouman, E. A.

AU - Haije, W. G.

AU - Schreuders, H.

AU - Dutta, S.

AU - Wu, M. Y.

AU - Boelsma, C.

AU - Ngene, P.

AU - Basak, S.

AU - Dam, B.

PY - 2015/3/16

Y1 - 2015/3/16

N2 - Pd-Cu is a well-known alloy for H-2 separation membranes. Using a new optical combinatorial method we determined the H-2 permeability of Pd-Cu alloys at room temperature in relation to their crystal structure and microstructure. Compositional gradient samples allow us to determine the intrinsic permeability as a function of the alloy composition. From a detailed XRD, TEM and AFM analysis we find that the pure fcc and bcc phases have a very low permeability, whereas the mixed bcc/fcc phases show the highest permeability for thin film alloys prepared at higher temperatures. Therefore interstitial-bulk hydrogen diffusion is most probably not the main transport mechanism. Instead we argue that the hydrogen transport occurs mainly along the heterogeneous grain boundaries. As compared to the bulk phase diagram we find that the mixed bcc/fcc region in our Pd-Cu thin films is larger than reported in literature (ranging from 43 at% -65 at% Pd at 483 K). Copyright (C) 2015, Hydrogen Energy Publications, LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

AB - Pd-Cu is a well-known alloy for H-2 separation membranes. Using a new optical combinatorial method we determined the H-2 permeability of Pd-Cu alloys at room temperature in relation to their crystal structure and microstructure. Compositional gradient samples allow us to determine the intrinsic permeability as a function of the alloy composition. From a detailed XRD, TEM and AFM analysis we find that the pure fcc and bcc phases have a very low permeability, whereas the mixed bcc/fcc phases show the highest permeability for thin film alloys prepared at higher temperatures. Therefore interstitial-bulk hydrogen diffusion is most probably not the main transport mechanism. Instead we argue that the hydrogen transport occurs mainly along the heterogeneous grain boundaries. As compared to the bulk phase diagram we find that the mixed bcc/fcc region in our Pd-Cu thin films is larger than reported in literature (ranging from 43 at% -65 at% Pd at 483 K). Copyright (C) 2015, Hydrogen Energy Publications, LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

KW - Hydrogen permeability

KW - Hydrogen membrane

KW - Combinatorial method

KW - Pd-Cu phase diagram

KW - Structure

KW - COPPER-PALLADIUM ALLOYS

KW - COMPOSITE MEMBRANES

KW - SEPARATION

KW - DIFFUSION

KW - PERMEATION

KW - FLUX

KW - TRANSPORT

KW - NICKEL

KW - H-2

KW - TRANSFORMATION

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DO - 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2015.01.124

M3 - Article

SN - 0360-3199

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SP - 3932

EP - 3943

JO - International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

JF - International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

IS - 10

ER -

The hydrogen permeability of Pd-Cu based thin film membranes in relation to their structure: A combinatorial approach

Abstract

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Keywords

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