TY - JOUR
T1 - The Effects of Weather on Daily Mood
T2 - A Multilevel Approach
AU - Denissen, J.J.A.
AU - Butalid, L.
AU - Penke, L.
AU - van Aken, M.A.G.
PY - 2008
Y1 - 2008
N2 - The present study examines the effects of six weather parameters (temperature, wind power, sunlight, precipitation, air pressure, and photoperiod) on mood (positive affect, negative affect, and tiredness). Data were gathered from an online diary study (N = 1,233), linked to weather station data, and analyzed by means of multilevel analysis. Multivariate and univariate analyses enabled distinction between unique and shared effects. The results revealed main effects of temperature, wind power, and sunlight on negative affect. Sunlight had a main effect on tiredness and mediated the effects of precipitation and air pressure on tiredness. In terms of explained variance, however, the average effect of weather on mood was only small, though significant random variation was found across individuals, especially regarding the effect of photoperiod. However, these individual differences in weather sensitivity could not be explained by the Five Factor Model personality traits, gender, or age.
AB - The present study examines the effects of six weather parameters (temperature, wind power, sunlight, precipitation, air pressure, and photoperiod) on mood (positive affect, negative affect, and tiredness). Data were gathered from an online diary study (N = 1,233), linked to weather station data, and analyzed by means of multilevel analysis. Multivariate and univariate analyses enabled distinction between unique and shared effects. The results revealed main effects of temperature, wind power, and sunlight on negative affect. Sunlight had a main effect on tiredness and mediated the effects of precipitation and air pressure on tiredness. In terms of explained variance, however, the average effect of weather on mood was only small, though significant random variation was found across individuals, especially regarding the effect of photoperiod. However, these individual differences in weather sensitivity could not be explained by the Five Factor Model personality traits, gender, or age.
KW - mood
KW - multilevel modelling
KW - personality
KW - weather
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/54849412263
U2 - 10.1037/a0013497
DO - 10.1037/a0013497
M3 - Article
C2 - 18837616
AN - SCOPUS:54849412263
SN - 1528-3542
VL - 8
SP - 662
EP - 667
JO - Emotion
JF - Emotion
IS - 5
ER -