The effect of images that facilitate retrieval practice on learning outcomes and motivation

During studying, learners benefit from the integration of relevant images with verbal information. We tested whether learners also benefit from images during retrieval practice. Retrieval practice involves the recall of previously studied information from memory, which enhances retention in comparison to restudying. Based on previous research on characteristics of retrieval practice, images can be predicted to have positive effects if they increase relevant elaborative processing, but also negative effects if they reduce retrieval effort and the overlap between practice and test. These different predictions raise the question what the overall effect is of images during retrieval on later performance. We therefore conducted two experiments with high school students who practiced foreign vocabulary through retrieval practice with or without images. Retention and transfer were measured several days after practice, with test items with and without images. The data are currently collected and will be presented at the conference.