Abstract
We investigate pathways of sediment diffusion for a Gaussian-shaped sand mound subjected to monochromatic waves. Our unique results nearly close the sediment budget by quantifying each of the sediment transport processes responsible for mound diffusion associated with sediment flux due to slope driven transport and ripple migration. Downslope ripple progression was observed as ripples formed at the mound top advanced down the side slopes in a direction perpendicular to wave propagation. Once ripples formed on the sides of the mounds the ripples became pathways for sediment flux from the top to the bottom of the mound, persisting even after ripples reached the base of the mound as sediment avalanching due to gravity and mound slope. Lateral ripple migration caused ripples to migrate along the sides of the sand mound in a direction parallel to wave propagation. Once ripples reached the base of the mound, lateral migration of ripples caused spreading of sand around the sides of the mound. Lateral ripple migration was largely driven by ripple splitting caused by a large downslope sediment flux from the center of the mound that generated ripples with longer wavelengths than wave orbital hydrodynamics could support. To restore equilibrium between sediment and flow conditions, ripples with longer wavelengths continuously split and migrated laterally around the mound. Our results reflect the importance of slope driven transport, bed fluidization, and ripple dynamics on the larger scale diffusivity and suggest that slope driven and ripple driven sediment fluxes should be more explicitly included in sediment transport formulations.
Original language | English |
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Article number | e2021JF006467 |
Pages (from-to) | 1-27 |
Number of pages | 27 |
Journal | Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface |
Volume | 128 |
Issue number | 1 |
Early online date | 11 Jan 2023 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - Jan 2023 |
Bibliographical note
Funding Information:The MODEX project was supported by the European Community's Horizon 2020 Programme through the grant to the budget of the Integrated Infrastructure Initiative Hydralab+, Contract 654110. We thank the University of Hull Hydralab + Total Environment Simulator staff, including Stewart McLelland, Brendan Murphy, Hannah Williams, and Laura Jordan for their guidance during experiment setup and testing. We also thank the PADI Foundation (project code 11310) for partial funding of participation in the experiments for S‐BL and MW. MdS and JH were financed by the Dutch NWO Domain Applied and Engineering Sciences under project code 15058.
Funding Information:
The MODEX project was supported by the European Community's Horizon 2020 Programme through the grant to the budget of the Integrated Infrastructure Initiative Hydralab+, Contract 654110. We thank the University of Hull Hydralab + Total Environment Simulator staff, including Stewart McLelland, Brendan Murphy, Hannah Williams, and Laura Jordan for their guidance during experiment setup and testing. We also thank the PADI Foundation (project code 11310) for partial funding of participation in the experiments for S-BL and MW. MdS and JH were financed by the Dutch NWO Domain Applied and Engineering Sciences under project code 15058.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2023. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.