Test of Measurement Invariance, and Evidence for Reliability and Validity of AMAS Scores in Dutch Secondary School and University Students

E.A. Schmitz, E. Salemink, R.W. Wiers, B.R.J. Jansen*

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticleAcademicpeer-review

Abstract

The Abbreviated Math Anxiety Scale (AMAS) is commonly used to compare groups on math anxiety. Group comparisons should however be preceded by a demonstration of metric and scalar measurement invariance, which is currently only available for undergraduate students in the USA. This study tested for metric and scalar measurement invariance of AMAS scores across sexes and age groups and investigated reliability and validity evidence. Dutch secondary school students (N = 1504) and university students (N = 629) completed the AMAS and reported their math grades. Subsamples also completed questionnaires on related (e.g., trait anxiety) and unrelated constructs (e.g., anxiety for learning a foreign language). Results of multi-group Confirmatory Factor Analyses showed the 2-factor structure that was detected in earlier studies and supported partial metric and scalar invariance, although cross-loadings for one item were included for the female university students group to improve model fit. Reliability ranged from acceptable to good and validity was supported.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)663-677
Number of pages15
JournalJournal of Psychoeducational Assessment
Volume40
Issue number5
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Aug 2022

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
We are grateful to Maien Sachisthal and co-contributors for providing data on AMAS (Study 3). We thank all students, adolescents, parents, and schools for their participation. We thank all (under)graduate students for their assistance in school recruitment and data collection. The author(s) received no financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.

Publisher Copyright:
© The Author(s) 2022.

Funding

We are grateful to Maien Sachisthal and co-contributors for providing data on AMAS (Study 3). We thank all students, adolescents, parents, and schools for their participation. We thank all (under)graduate students for their assistance in school recruitment and data collection. The author(s) received no financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.

Keywords

  • age groups
  • math anxiety
  • measurement invariance
  • sex differences

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