Temperature extremes of 2022 reduced carbon uptake by forests in Europe

Auke M. van der Woude; Wouter Peters; Emilie Joetzjer; Sébastien Lafont; Gerbrand Koren; Philippe Ciais; Michel Ramonet; Yidi Xu; Ana Bastos; Santiago Botía; Stephen Sitch; Remco de Kok; Tobias Kneuer; Dagmar Kubistin; Adrien Jacotot; Benjamin Loubet; Pedro-Henrique Herig-Coimbra; Denis Loustau; Ingrid T. Luijkx

doi:10.1038/s41467-023-41851-0

Temperature extremes of 2022 reduced carbon uptake by forests in Europe

Auke M. van der Woude^*, Wouter Peters, Emilie Joetzjer, Sébastien Lafont, Gerbrand Koren, Philippe Ciais, Michel Ramonet, Yidi Xu, Ana Bastos, Santiago Botía, Stephen Sitch, Remco de Kok, Tobias Kneuer, Dagmar Kubistin, Adrien Jacotot, Benjamin Loubet, Pedro-Henrique Herig-Coimbra, Denis Loustau, Ingrid T. Luijkx

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Academic › peer-review

Abstract

The year 2022 saw record breaking temperatures in Europe during both summer and fall. Similar to the recent 2018 drought, close to 30% (3.0 million km2) of the European continent was under severe summer drought. In 2022, the drought was located in central and southeastern Europe, contrasting the Northern-centered 2018 drought. We show, using multiple sets of observations, a reduction of net biospheric carbon uptake in summer (56-62 TgC) over the drought area. Specific sites in France even showed a widespread summertime carbon release by forests, additional to wildfires. Partial compensation (32%) for the decreased carbon uptake due to drought was offered by a warm autumn with prolonged biospheric carbon uptake. The severity of this second drought event in 5 years suggests drought-induced reduced carbon uptake to no longer be exceptional, and important to factor into Europe’s developing plans for net-zero greenhouse gas emissions that rely on carbon uptake by forests.

Original language	English
Article number	6218
Number of pages	11
Journal	Nature Communications
Volume	14
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-41851-0
Publication status	Published - Dec 2023

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2023, Springer Nature Limited.

Funding

We acknowledge NWO/ENW (file number 2023.003) and SURF for supercomputing facilities. We furthermore acknowledge the PARIS project funded by the European Union under the Grant Agreement nr 101081430, NWO (Vidi grant VI.Vidi.213.143) and the Ruisdael Observatory, which is (partly) financed by the Dutch Research Council (NWO, grant number 184.034.015) for financial support. Furthermore, we thank the ICOS Carbon Portal for hosting the CTE-HR fluxes. We kindly acknowledge the provision of data from eddy-covariance sites80, as well as from atmospheric sites86. The measurements at WAO are funded by the UK’s National Centre for Atmospheric Sciences (NCAS). CO2 observations at Jungfraujoch are supported by ICOS Switzerland (ICOS-CH) Phase 3 (Swiss National Science Foundation, grant 20F120_198227). CH-Dav was supported by the SNF projects ICOS-CH Phase 1-3 (20FI21_148992, 143 20FI20_173691, 20F120_198227) and the EU project RINGO 730944. We acknowledge Guido van der Werf for his help on the fire flux estimates and kindly thank Imme Benedict for providing the GPH data. We also thank Thomas Koch and Saqr Munassar for pre-processing the meteorological data for the atmospheric transport with STILT. We acknowledge NWO/ENW (file number 2023.003) and SURF for supercomputing facilities. We furthermore acknowledge the PARIS project funded by the European Union under the Grant Agreement nr 101081430, NWO (Vidi grant VI.Vidi.213.143) and the Ruisdael Observatory, which is (partly) financed by the Dutch Research Council (NWO, grant number 184.034.015) for financial support. Furthermore, we thank the ICOS Carbon Portal for hosting the CTE-HR fluxes. We kindly acknowledge the provision of data from eddy-covariance sites, as well as from atmospheric sites. The measurements at WAO are funded by the UK’s National Centre for Atmospheric Sciences (NCAS). CO observations at Jungfraujoch are supported by ICOS Switzerland (ICOS-CH) Phase 3 (Swiss National Science Foundation, grant 20F120_198227). CH-Dav was supported by the SNF projects ICOS-CH Phase 1-3 (20FI21_148992, 143 20FI20_173691, 20F120_198227) and the EU project RINGO 730944. We acknowledge Guido van der Werf for his help on the fire flux estimates and kindly thank Imme Benedict for providing the GPH data. We also thank Thomas Koch and Saqr Munassar for pre-processing the meteorological data for the atmospheric transport with STILT. 2

Funders	Funder number
ENW	2023.003
ICOS-CH
STILT
SURF
National Centre for Atmospheric Science
European Commission	730944, 101081430
Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung	20FI21_148992, 20F120_198227, 143 20FI20_173691
Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek	VI.Vidi.213.143, 184.034.015
Integrated Carbon Observation System

Keywords

Assimilation
Co2
Drought events
Fluxes
Heat
Impacts
Net ecosystem exchange
Respiration
Separation
Summer

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s41467-023-41851-0Final published version, 5.09 MBLicence: CC BY

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van der Woude, A. M., Peters, W., Joetzjer, E., Lafont, S., Koren, G., Ciais, P., Ramonet, M., Xu, Y., Bastos, A., Botía, S., Sitch, S., de Kok, R., Kneuer, T., Kubistin, D., Jacotot, A., Loubet, B., Herig-Coimbra, P.-H., Loustau, D., & Luijkx, I. T. (2023). Temperature extremes of 2022 reduced carbon uptake by forests in Europe. Nature Communications, 14(1), Article 6218. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-41851-0

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title = "Temperature extremes of 2022 reduced carbon uptake by forests in Europe",

abstract = "The year 2022 saw record breaking temperatures in Europe during both summer and fall. Similar to the recent 2018 drought, close to 30\% (3.0 million km2) of the European continent was under severe summer drought. In 2022, the drought was located in central and southeastern Europe, contrasting the Northern-centered 2018 drought. We show, using multiple sets of observations, a reduction of net biospheric carbon uptake in summer (56-62 TgC) over the drought area. Specific sites in France even showed a widespread summertime carbon release by forests, additional to wildfires. Partial compensation (32\%) for the decreased carbon uptake due to drought was offered by a warm autumn with prolonged biospheric carbon uptake. The severity of this second drought event in 5 years suggests drought-induced reduced carbon uptake to no longer be exceptional, and important to factor into Europe{\textquoteright}s developing plans for net-zero greenhouse gas emissions that rely on carbon uptake by forests.",

keywords = "Assimilation, Co2, Drought events, Fluxes, Heat, Impacts, Net ecosystem exchange, Respiration, Separation, Summer",

author = "\{van der Woude\}, \{Auke M.\} and Wouter Peters and Emilie Joetzjer and S{\'e}bastien Lafont and Gerbrand Koren and Philippe Ciais and Michel Ramonet and Yidi Xu and Ana Bastos and Santiago Bot{\'i}a and Stephen Sitch and \{de Kok\}, Remco and Tobias Kneuer and Dagmar Kubistin and Adrien Jacotot and Benjamin Loubet and Pedro-Henrique Herig-Coimbra and Denis Loustau and Luijkx, \{Ingrid T.\}",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2023, Springer Nature Limited.",

year = "2023",

month = dec,

doi = "10.1038/s41467-023-41851-0",

language = "English",

volume = "14",

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van der Woude, AM, Peters, W, Joetzjer, E, Lafont, S, Koren, G, Ciais, P, Ramonet, M, Xu, Y, Bastos, A, Botía, S, Sitch, S, de Kok, R, Kneuer, T, Kubistin, D, Jacotot, A, Loubet, B, Herig-Coimbra, P-H, Loustau, D & Luijkx, IT 2023, 'Temperature extremes of 2022 reduced carbon uptake by forests in Europe', Nature Communications, vol. 14, no. 1, 6218. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-41851-0

TY - JOUR

T1 - Temperature extremes of 2022 reduced carbon uptake by forests in Europe

AU - van der Woude, Auke M.

AU - Peters, Wouter

AU - Joetzjer, Emilie

AU - Lafont, Sébastien

AU - Koren, Gerbrand

AU - Ciais, Philippe

AU - Ramonet, Michel

AU - Xu, Yidi

AU - Bastos, Ana

AU - Botía, Santiago

AU - Sitch, Stephen

AU - de Kok, Remco

AU - Kneuer, Tobias

AU - Kubistin, Dagmar

AU - Jacotot, Adrien

AU - Loubet, Benjamin

AU - Herig-Coimbra, Pedro-Henrique

AU - Loustau, Denis

AU - Luijkx, Ingrid T.

PY - 2023/12

Y1 - 2023/12

N2 - The year 2022 saw record breaking temperatures in Europe during both summer and fall. Similar to the recent 2018 drought, close to 30% (3.0 million km2) of the European continent was under severe summer drought. In 2022, the drought was located in central and southeastern Europe, contrasting the Northern-centered 2018 drought. We show, using multiple sets of observations, a reduction of net biospheric carbon uptake in summer (56-62 TgC) over the drought area. Specific sites in France even showed a widespread summertime carbon release by forests, additional to wildfires. Partial compensation (32%) for the decreased carbon uptake due to drought was offered by a warm autumn with prolonged biospheric carbon uptake. The severity of this second drought event in 5 years suggests drought-induced reduced carbon uptake to no longer be exceptional, and important to factor into Europe’s developing plans for net-zero greenhouse gas emissions that rely on carbon uptake by forests.

AB - The year 2022 saw record breaking temperatures in Europe during both summer and fall. Similar to the recent 2018 drought, close to 30% (3.0 million km2) of the European continent was under severe summer drought. In 2022, the drought was located in central and southeastern Europe, contrasting the Northern-centered 2018 drought. We show, using multiple sets of observations, a reduction of net biospheric carbon uptake in summer (56-62 TgC) over the drought area. Specific sites in France even showed a widespread summertime carbon release by forests, additional to wildfires. Partial compensation (32%) for the decreased carbon uptake due to drought was offered by a warm autumn with prolonged biospheric carbon uptake. The severity of this second drought event in 5 years suggests drought-induced reduced carbon uptake to no longer be exceptional, and important to factor into Europe’s developing plans for net-zero greenhouse gas emissions that rely on carbon uptake by forests.

KW - Assimilation

KW - Co2

KW - Drought events

KW - Fluxes

KW - Heat

KW - Impacts

KW - Net ecosystem exchange

KW - Respiration

KW - Separation

KW - Summer

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85173377946

U2 - 10.1038/s41467-023-41851-0

DO - 10.1038/s41467-023-41851-0

M3 - Article

SN - 2041-1723

VL - 14

JO - Nature Communications

JF - Nature Communications

IS - 1

M1 - 6218

ER -

Temperature extremes of 2022 reduced carbon uptake by forests in Europe

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Funding

Keywords

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