Abstract
Background: Soluble CD14 (sCD14) is one of many factors in human breast milk which may influence programming of the immune response in the breastfed child. Although previous studies have mostly found little association between sCD14 concentration in breast milk and atopic outcomes, recent evidence continues to support a role of sCD14 in immune-related disease. Objective: We aimed to clarify whether an association exists between sCD14 concentration in human breast milk (m-sCD14) and child atopic dermatitis (AD) diagnosis by age 3 years within the context of two large birth cohorts. Methods: Data were obtained from the Ulm Birth Cohort Study (UBCS) and the Ulm SPATZ Health Study, methodologically similar birth cohort studies, each consisting of approximately 1000 newborns and their mothers recruited from the general population shortly after delivery in Ulm, Southern Germany, respectively, from 11/2000 to 11/2001 and 04/2012 to 05/2013. sCD14 concentrations were measured by different ELISAs (UBCS: IBL, SPATZ: R&D) in breast milk samples collected at 6 weeks post-delivery in both studies and additionally at 6 months and 1 year in SPATZ. Children's AD diagnosis was assessed using parent and paediatrician reports at 1, 2 and 3 years of age. Results: Complete exposure and outcome data were available for 659 UBCS and 489 SPATZ children. In both cohorts, sCD14 concentration was significantly associated with breastfeeding frequency (P < 0.01). We observed no association between m-sCD14 concentration and child AD diagnosis in either study. Conclusions: Our results do not support an association between sCD14 concentration in mature breast milk and AD among breastfed children.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 199-206 |
| Number of pages | 8 |
| Journal | Clinical and Experimental Allergy |
| Volume | 49 |
| Issue number | 2 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - Feb 2019 |
| Externally published | Yes |
Bibliographical note
Funding Information:The Ulm Birth Cohort Study was supported by grants of the German Research Council BR 1704/3-1, BR 1704/3-2, BR 1704/3-3 The Ulm SPATZ Health Study was funded through an unrestricted grant by the Medical Faculty of Ulm University. Danone Nutricia Research has funded the statistical analyses in this manuscript by an unrestricted grant. These funders had no role in the study design, in the collection, analysis and interpretation of data, in the writing of the report, or in the decision to submit the article for publication. In particular, Danone Nutricia Research had no access to the original data. Apart from BS, the contributing researchers are independent of the funders.
Funding Information:
Funding information The Ulm Birth Cohort Study was supported by grants of the German Research Council BR 1704/3-1, BR 1704/3-2, BR 1704/3-3 The Ulm SPATZ Health Study was funded through an unrestricted grant by the Medical Faculty of Ulm University. Danone Nutricia Research has funded the statistical analyses in this manuscript by an unrestricted grant. These funders had no role in the study design, in the collection, analysis and interpretation of data, in the writing of the report, or in the decision to submit the article for publication. In particular, Danone Nutricia Research had no access to the original data. Apart from BS, the contributing researchers are independent of the funders. We thank the midwives, nurses and obstetricians of the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Medical Center Ulm and the caring paediatricians and mothers and their families for their study support and participation. The authors would also like to thank Mrs. Gerlinde Trischler for providing excellent technical assistance.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2018 John Wiley & Sons Ltd
Funding
The Ulm Birth Cohort Study was supported by grants of the German Research Council BR 1704/3-1, BR 1704/3-2, BR 1704/3-3 The Ulm SPATZ Health Study was funded through an unrestricted grant by the Medical Faculty of Ulm University. Danone Nutricia Research has funded the statistical analyses in this manuscript by an unrestricted grant. These funders had no role in the study design, in the collection, analysis and interpretation of data, in the writing of the report, or in the decision to submit the article for publication. In particular, Danone Nutricia Research had no access to the original data. Apart from BS, the contributing researchers are independent of the funders. Funding information The Ulm Birth Cohort Study was supported by grants of the German Research Council BR 1704/3-1, BR 1704/3-2, BR 1704/3-3 The Ulm SPATZ Health Study was funded through an unrestricted grant by the Medical Faculty of Ulm University. Danone Nutricia Research has funded the statistical analyses in this manuscript by an unrestricted grant. These funders had no role in the study design, in the collection, analysis and interpretation of data, in the writing of the report, or in the decision to submit the article for publication. In particular, Danone Nutricia Research had no access to the original data. Apart from BS, the contributing researchers are independent of the funders. We thank the midwives, nurses and obstetricians of the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Medical Center Ulm and the caring paediatricians and mothers and their families for their study support and participation. The authors would also like to thank Mrs. Gerlinde Trischler for providing excellent technical assistance.
