Social Equity, Policy Intentions and Unanticipated Outcomes: A Comparative Analysis of Work–Life Balance Policies

Robert Merton's theoretical formulations of unanticipated consequences provide a useful tool for understanding the consequences of government policies. In this case study the work–life balance policies in the Netherlands over the past decade are analyzed. Based on the current understanding of family-friendly policies, one can assume that the policy intended to promote gender equality did not necessarily lead to equity in the workplace. This case study suggests that researchers and policymakers should engage the concept of unanticipated consequences of government policies into theory and research whenever possible.