Self-employed without personnel. Between freedom and insecurity

This WSI Study gives an overview of the position of solo self-employed in Germany and the Netherlands by examining – in their institutional context – labour market characteristics and social security provisions. The Study has been prepared within the project ‘Self-employed without personnel: be-tween freedom and insecurity’, funded by the Hans-Böckler-Stiftung. It draws on results from desk research, analyses of existing statistical data, survey research and interviews with self-employed without personnel. The research was conducted by a research team from Utrecht University School of Economics (U.S.E.) in collaboration with the Institute of Economic and Social Research (WSI).