Ruling the commons. Introducing a new methodology for the analysis of historical commons

Despite significant progress in recent years, the evolution of commons
over the long run remains an under-explored area. During the last years an
international team of historians has worked under the umbrella of the Common
Rules Project in order to design and test a new methodology aimed at advancing
our knowledge on the dynamics of institutions for collective action – in particular
commons. This project aims to contribute to the current debates in three different fronts. Theoretically, it explicitly draws the attention to change and adaptation in the commons – contrasting with more static analyses. Empirically, it highlights the value of historical records as a rich source of information for longitudinal analysis of the functioning of commons. Methodologically, it develops a systematic way of analyzing and comparing commons’ regulations across regions and time, setting a number of variables that have been defined on the basis of the “most common denominators” in commons’ regulations across countries and time periods. In this paper we introduce the project, describe our sources and methodology, and present the preliminary results of our analysis.