TY - JOUR
T1 - RIFM fragrance ingredient safety assessment, nonyl alcohol, CAS Registry Number 143-08-8
AU - Api, A. M.
AU - Bartlett, A.
AU - Belsito, D.
AU - Botelho, D.
AU - Bruze, M.
AU - Bryant-Friedrich, A.
AU - Burton, G. A.
AU - Cancellieri, M. A.
AU - Chon, H.
AU - Cronin, M.
AU - Crotty, S.
AU - Dagli, M. L.
AU - Dekant, W.
AU - Deodhar, C.
AU - Farrell, K.
AU - Fryer, A. D.
AU - Jones, L.
AU - Joshi, K.
AU - Lapczynski, A.
AU - Laskin, D. L.
AU - Lavelle, M.
AU - Lee, I.
AU - Moustakas, H.
AU - Muldoon, J.
AU - Penning, T. M.
AU - Piersma, A. H.
AU - Ritacco, G.
AU - Sadekar, N.
AU - Schember, I.
AU - Schultz, T. W.
AU - Siddiqi, F.
AU - Sipes, I. G.
AU - Sullivan, G.
AU - Thakkar, Y.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2025 Elsevier Ltd
PY - 2025/4/1
Y1 - 2025/4/1
N2 - Nonyl alcohol was evaluated for genotoxicity, repeated dose toxicity, reproductive toxicity, local respiratory toxicity, photoirritation/photoallergenicity, skin sensitization, and environmental safety. Data from read-across analog heptyl alcohol (CAS # 111-70-6) show that nonyl alcohol is not expected to be genotoxic and provide a calculated Margin of Exposure (MOE) > 100 for the repeated dose toxicity and reproductive toxicity endpoints. Data from read-across analog 1-decanol (CAS # 112-30-1) provided nonyl alcohol a No Expected Sensitization Induction Level (NESIL) of 10000 μg/cm2 for the skin sensitization endpoint. The photoirritation/photoallergenicity endpoints were evaluated based on ultraviolet/visible (UV/Vis) spectra; nonyl alcohol is not expected to be photoirritating/photoallergenic. The local respiratory toxicity endpoint was evaluated using the Threshold of Toxicological Concern (TTC) for a Cramer Class I material, and the exposure to nonyl alcohol is below the TTC (1.4 mg/day). The environmental endpoints were evaluated; nonyl alcohol was found not to be Persistent, Bioaccumulative, and Toxic (PBT) as per the International Fragrance Association (IFRA) Environmental Standards, and its risk quotients, based on its current volume of use (VoU) in Europe and North America (i.e., Predicted Environmental Concentration/Predicted No Effect Concentration [PEC/PNEC]), are <1.
AB - Nonyl alcohol was evaluated for genotoxicity, repeated dose toxicity, reproductive toxicity, local respiratory toxicity, photoirritation/photoallergenicity, skin sensitization, and environmental safety. Data from read-across analog heptyl alcohol (CAS # 111-70-6) show that nonyl alcohol is not expected to be genotoxic and provide a calculated Margin of Exposure (MOE) > 100 for the repeated dose toxicity and reproductive toxicity endpoints. Data from read-across analog 1-decanol (CAS # 112-30-1) provided nonyl alcohol a No Expected Sensitization Induction Level (NESIL) of 10000 μg/cm2 for the skin sensitization endpoint. The photoirritation/photoallergenicity endpoints were evaluated based on ultraviolet/visible (UV/Vis) spectra; nonyl alcohol is not expected to be photoirritating/photoallergenic. The local respiratory toxicity endpoint was evaluated using the Threshold of Toxicological Concern (TTC) for a Cramer Class I material, and the exposure to nonyl alcohol is below the TTC (1.4 mg/day). The environmental endpoints were evaluated; nonyl alcohol was found not to be Persistent, Bioaccumulative, and Toxic (PBT) as per the International Fragrance Association (IFRA) Environmental Standards, and its risk quotients, based on its current volume of use (VoU) in Europe and North America (i.e., Predicted Environmental Concentration/Predicted No Effect Concentration [PEC/PNEC]), are <1.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=105002048289&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.fct.2025.115417
DO - 10.1016/j.fct.2025.115417
M3 - Short survey
AN - SCOPUS:105002048289
SN - 0278-6915
VL - 201
JO - Food and Chemical Toxicology
JF - Food and Chemical Toxicology
M1 - 115417
ER -