TY - JOUR
T1 - RIFM fragrance ingredient safety assessment, cis-6-nonenal, CAS registry number 2277-19-2
AU - Api, A. M.
AU - Bartlett, A.
AU - Belsito, D.
AU - Botelho, D.
AU - Bruze, M.
AU - Bryant-Friedrich, A.
AU - Burton, G. A.
AU - Cancellieri, M. A.
AU - Chon, H.
AU - Cronin, M.
AU - Crotty, S.
AU - Dagli, M. L.
AU - Dekant, W.
AU - Deodhar, C.
AU - Farrell, K.
AU - Fryer, A. D.
AU - Jones, L.
AU - Joshi, K.
AU - Lapczynski, A.
AU - Laskin, D. L.
AU - Lavelle, M.
AU - Lee, I.
AU - Moustakas, H.
AU - Muldoon, J.
AU - Penning, T. M.
AU - Piersma, A. H.
AU - Ritacco, G.
AU - Sadekar, N.
AU - Schember, I.
AU - Schultz, T. W.
AU - Siddiqi, F.
AU - Sipes, I. G.
AU - Sullivan, G.
AU - Thakkar, Y.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2025
PY - 2025/2/26
Y1 - 2025/2/26
N2 - The existing information supports the use of this material as described in this safety assessment. cis-6-Nonenal was evaluated for genotoxicity, repeated dose toxicity, reproductive toxicity, local respiratory toxicity, photoirritation/photoallergenicity, skin sensitization, and environmental safety. Data from read-across analog decen-1-al (CAS # 65405-70-1) show that cis-6-nonenal is not expected to be genotoxic. Data on read-across analog hexanal (CAS # 66-25-1) provide a calculated Margin of Exposure (MOE) > 100 for the repeated dose toxicity and reproductive toxicity endpoints. Data from read-across analog 10-undecenal (CAS # 112-45-8) provided cis-6-nonenal a No Expected Sensitization Induction Level (NESIL) of 1700 μg/cm2 for the skin sensitization endpoint. The photoirritation/photoallergenicity endpoints were evaluated based on ultraviolet/visible (UV/Vis) spectra; cis-6-nonenal is not expected to be photoirritating/photoallergenic. The local respiratory toxicity endpoint was evaluated using the Threshold of Toxicological Concern (TTC) for a Cramer Class I material, and the exposure to cis-6-nonenal is below the TTC (1.4 mg/day). The environmental endpoints were evaluated; cis-6-nonenal was found not to be Persistent, Bioaccumulative, and Toxic (PBT) as per the International Fragrance Association (IFRA) Environmental Standards, and its risk quotients, based on its current volume of use (VoU) in Europe and North America (i.e., Predicted Environmental Concentration/Predicted No Effect Concentration [PEC/PNEC]), are <1.
AB - The existing information supports the use of this material as described in this safety assessment. cis-6-Nonenal was evaluated for genotoxicity, repeated dose toxicity, reproductive toxicity, local respiratory toxicity, photoirritation/photoallergenicity, skin sensitization, and environmental safety. Data from read-across analog decen-1-al (CAS # 65405-70-1) show that cis-6-nonenal is not expected to be genotoxic. Data on read-across analog hexanal (CAS # 66-25-1) provide a calculated Margin of Exposure (MOE) > 100 for the repeated dose toxicity and reproductive toxicity endpoints. Data from read-across analog 10-undecenal (CAS # 112-45-8) provided cis-6-nonenal a No Expected Sensitization Induction Level (NESIL) of 1700 μg/cm2 for the skin sensitization endpoint. The photoirritation/photoallergenicity endpoints were evaluated based on ultraviolet/visible (UV/Vis) spectra; cis-6-nonenal is not expected to be photoirritating/photoallergenic. The local respiratory toxicity endpoint was evaluated using the Threshold of Toxicological Concern (TTC) for a Cramer Class I material, and the exposure to cis-6-nonenal is below the TTC (1.4 mg/day). The environmental endpoints were evaluated; cis-6-nonenal was found not to be Persistent, Bioaccumulative, and Toxic (PBT) as per the International Fragrance Association (IFRA) Environmental Standards, and its risk quotients, based on its current volume of use (VoU) in Europe and North America (i.e., Predicted Environmental Concentration/Predicted No Effect Concentration [PEC/PNEC]), are <1.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85219498351&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.fct.2025.115354
DO - 10.1016/j.fct.2025.115354
M3 - Short survey
AN - SCOPUS:85219498351
SN - 0278-6915
VL - 201
JO - Food and Chemical Toxicology
JF - Food and Chemical Toxicology
M1 - 115354
ER -