Abstract
The application of engineered nanomaterials increases strongly. Development of analytical techniques and their application to environmental samples is essential for human and environmental risk assessment of the nanoparticles. The objective of this study was to develop a sensitive analytical method to quantify nC60in water, using accurate mass screening liquid chromatography-hybrid linear ion trap Orbitrap mass spectrometry. nC60can be transformed by oxidation, reduction and photochemical reaction. Therefore, the formation of some transformation products of nC60was studied as well. Finally, the developed analytical method was applied to surface water samples from several locations in the Netherlands. The developed method enabled to detect and quantify aqueous concentrations of the summed nC60and its transformation products as low as 5ng/L. It was observed that nC60transformation products exceed quantities of the parent C60. Despite the high sensitivity of the developed method, no nC60or transformation products were detected in an array of Dutch surface waters. This might be due to low emissions, losses in the aqueous phase by sedimentation, sorption or further transformation processes. © 2011 Elsevier Ltd.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 1063-1067 |
| Number of pages | 5 |
| Journal | Environment international |
| Volume | 37 |
| Issue number | 6 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 1 Aug 2011 |
Keywords
- Accurate mass screening
- Fullerene
- Fullerene transformation products
- fullerene
- humic acid
- surface water
- tap water
- aqueous solution
- article
- controlled study
- liquid chromatography
- mass spectrometry
- Netherlands
- oxidation
- photochemistry
- priority journal
- quantitative analysis
- reduction
- sensitivity and specificity
- solid phase extraction
- water analysis
- water sampling