Abstract
The World Trade Organization (WTO) protects geographical indication (GI) wines such as Bordeaux and Chianti. However, there is scant empirical evidence on the effectiveness of this protection. Our triple difference panel data analysis of EU wine exports from 1995 to 2019 finds a significant effect. When countries join the WTO, their import of GI wines increases by about 25% more than non-GI wines, compared to non-joiners. Our findings suggest that specific trade provisions matter and that the EU policy of also including wine GIs in bilateral agreements is an attempt to further improve enforcement of GI protection in third countries.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 1065-1082 |
| Number of pages | 18 |
| Journal | Applied Economic Perspectives and Policy |
| Volume | 46 |
| Issue number | 3 |
| Early online date | 19 Mar 2024 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - Sept 2024 |
Bibliographical note
Publisher Copyright:© 2024 The Authors. Applied Economic Perspectives and Policy published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Agricultural & Applied Economics Association.
Funding
The authors gratefully acknowledge comments from anonymous reviewers and the editor, presentation participants at AES 2022, ETSG 2022, and Utrecht University School of Economics, help from Karin Latouche regarding trade classification concordance, as well as research assistance from Willemijn van Dort. We also thank Giulia Meloni for feedback and discussions on EU wine regulations and exports and Wiljan van den Berge for a conversation on difference in difference estimators. This research was financially supported by the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No. 861932 (BatModel).
| Funders | Funder number |
|---|---|
| Horizon 2020 | 861932 |
Keywords
- geographical indications
- intellectual property
- TRIPS
- wine
- WTO