TY - JOUR
T1 - Novel immunotherapy approaches to food allergy
AU - Hayen, Simone M
AU - Kostadinova, Atanaska I
AU - Garssen, Johan
AU - Otten, Henny G
AU - Willemsen, Linette E M
PY - 2014/12
Y1 - 2014/12
N2 - PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Despite reaching high percentages of desensitization using allergen-specific immunotherapy (SIT) in patients with food allergy, recent studies suggest only a low number of patients to reach persistent clinical tolerance. This review describes current developments in strategies to improve safety and long-term efficacy of SIT.RECENT FINDINGS: Modified allergens or tolerogenic peptides, ultimately optimized for human leukocyte antigen background of the patient, are explored for tolerance induction, whereas anti-IgE antibody (Omalizumab) may be used to facilitate SIT safety. Adjunct therapies to enhance efficacy may make use of TH1 polarizing agents, for example, CpG-oligodeoxynucleotides combined with modified allergen packaged in nanoparticles. Preclinical studies showed insulin-like growth factor-2, intravenous immunoglobulin, Tregitopes or allergen encased oligomannose-coated liposomes capable of inducing regulatory T-cells, recognized for their importance in clinical tolerance induction. Dietary intervention strategies utilizing herbal formula 2, VSL#3, nondigestible short-chain galacto-oligosaccharides and long-chain fructo-oligosaccharides (scGOS/lcFOS) plus Bifidobacterium breve M-16V or n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids may facilitate safety and/or a favourable milieu for tolerance induction.SUMMARY: Combining SIT using (adapted) allergens or tolerogenic peptides with adjunct therapy may be essential to improve safety and/or efficacy. Beyond using targeted approaches, specific dietary components may be explored to reduce side-effects and support clinical tolerance induction by SIT.
AB - PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Despite reaching high percentages of desensitization using allergen-specific immunotherapy (SIT) in patients with food allergy, recent studies suggest only a low number of patients to reach persistent clinical tolerance. This review describes current developments in strategies to improve safety and long-term efficacy of SIT.RECENT FINDINGS: Modified allergens or tolerogenic peptides, ultimately optimized for human leukocyte antigen background of the patient, are explored for tolerance induction, whereas anti-IgE antibody (Omalizumab) may be used to facilitate SIT safety. Adjunct therapies to enhance efficacy may make use of TH1 polarizing agents, for example, CpG-oligodeoxynucleotides combined with modified allergen packaged in nanoparticles. Preclinical studies showed insulin-like growth factor-2, intravenous immunoglobulin, Tregitopes or allergen encased oligomannose-coated liposomes capable of inducing regulatory T-cells, recognized for their importance in clinical tolerance induction. Dietary intervention strategies utilizing herbal formula 2, VSL#3, nondigestible short-chain galacto-oligosaccharides and long-chain fructo-oligosaccharides (scGOS/lcFOS) plus Bifidobacterium breve M-16V or n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids may facilitate safety and/or a favourable milieu for tolerance induction.SUMMARY: Combining SIT using (adapted) allergens or tolerogenic peptides with adjunct therapy may be essential to improve safety and/or efficacy. Beyond using targeted approaches, specific dietary components may be explored to reduce side-effects and support clinical tolerance induction by SIT.
U2 - 10.1097/ACI.0000000000000109
DO - 10.1097/ACI.0000000000000109
M3 - Article
C2 - 25159183
SN - 1528-4050
VL - 14
SP - 549
EP - 556
JO - Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology
JF - Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology
IS - 6
ER -