TY - JOUR
T1 - Multi-scale laboratory routine in the efficacy assessment of conservative products for natural stones
AU - Raneri, S.
AU - Barone, G.
AU - Mazzoleni, P.
AU - Alfieri, I.
AU - Bergamonti, L.
AU - De Kock, T.
AU - Cnudde, V.
AU - Lottici, P. P.
AU - Lorenzi, A.
AU - Predieri, G.
AU - Rabot, E.
AU - Teixeira, J.
PY - 2018
Y1 - 2018
N2 - The evaluation of conservative treatments’ efficacy on natural building stones are usually based on standard recommendation routines finalized to evaluate compatibility and harmfulness of products in turn of the substrate. However, the visualization and the quantification of products inside pore structure of natural stones is not immediate through standard tests, so that imaging and advanced techniques are recently proposed in material conservation field to improve knowledge on penetration depth, modification of pore-air interface at different scale and monitor dynamic absorption processes. Moreover, natural stones are usually characterized by complex structure, which changes due to conservative treatments have to be inspected at different scale (from micrometer to nanometer). In this prospective, the assessment of laboratory practices able to integrate multiscale methods and give back a complete overview on interaction between new conservative formulates and natural stones is of high interest. In this paper, we propose a methodological routine for efficacy assessment of conservative products, incorporating classical and innovative nondestructive techniques. Validation of the workflow has been verified on a high porous natural stone treated with new hybrid formulates appropriately customized for conservation issues. • The study intends to add new insights on problems related to consolidation of high porous carbonate stone, application methods in consolidating natural stones and methods to evaluate efficacy of new products.• A multi-scale laboratory investigation procedure is proposed by integrating standard and innovative nondestructive methods. Merits and limits of each applied method are discussed during validation.• The possibility to incorporate standard routines and/or substitute destructive testing with non-destructive ones seem to be a valid alternative to evaluate efficiency and monitor behavior of stones treated with consolidating products.
AB - The evaluation of conservative treatments’ efficacy on natural building stones are usually based on standard recommendation routines finalized to evaluate compatibility and harmfulness of products in turn of the substrate. However, the visualization and the quantification of products inside pore structure of natural stones is not immediate through standard tests, so that imaging and advanced techniques are recently proposed in material conservation field to improve knowledge on penetration depth, modification of pore-air interface at different scale and monitor dynamic absorption processes. Moreover, natural stones are usually characterized by complex structure, which changes due to conservative treatments have to be inspected at different scale (from micrometer to nanometer). In this prospective, the assessment of laboratory practices able to integrate multiscale methods and give back a complete overview on interaction between new conservative formulates and natural stones is of high interest. In this paper, we propose a methodological routine for efficacy assessment of conservative products, incorporating classical and innovative nondestructive techniques. Validation of the workflow has been verified on a high porous natural stone treated with new hybrid formulates appropriately customized for conservation issues. • The study intends to add new insights on problems related to consolidation of high porous carbonate stone, application methods in consolidating natural stones and methods to evaluate efficacy of new products.• A multi-scale laboratory investigation procedure is proposed by integrating standard and innovative nondestructive methods. Merits and limits of each applied method are discussed during validation.• The possibility to incorporate standard routines and/or substitute destructive testing with non-destructive ones seem to be a valid alternative to evaluate efficiency and monitor behavior of stones treated with consolidating products.
KW - Advanced and multi-scale laboratory investigation
KW - Conservative treatments
KW - Consolidants
KW - Efficacy
KW - Natural stones
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85053760211&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.mex.2018.08.013
DO - 10.1016/j.mex.2018.08.013
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85053760211
SN - 2215-0161
VL - 5
SP - 1095
EP - 1101
JO - MethodsX
JF - MethodsX
ER -