Models and design principles for teacher research

Teacher research is a way to bridge the gap between theory
and teaching practice. Various types of teacher research can be
distinguished, including most commonly: action research, selfstudy,
lesson study, design-based research, and scholarship of
teaching and learning. All types of teacher research are focused
on improving school practice, stimulating professional development
and generating knowledge about teaching and learning,
although seldom combined in one study. Two design principles
to increase the quality of teacher research refer to (1) alignment
of research and teaching practice and (2) collaboration between
teacher-researchers. These design principles might not only improve
the quality of the research work, but also enlarge the signifi
cance of outcomes of the teaching practice that is studied.
While the immediate context of this review is secondary school,
the fi ndings are relevant for all levels of education.