Abstract
Supported metal catalysts are essential to a plethora of processes in the chemical industry. The overall performance of these catalysts depends strongly on the interaction of adsorbates at the atomic level, which can be manipulated and controlled by the different constituents of the active material (i.e., support and active metal). The description of catalyst activity and the relationship between active constituent and the support, or metal-support interactions (MSI), in heterogeneous (thermo)catalysts is a complex phenomenon with multivariate (dependent and independent) contributions that are difficult to disentangle, both experimentally and theoretically. So-called “strong metal-support interactions” have been reported for several decades and summarized in excellent review articles. However, in recent years, there has been a proliferation of new findings related to atomically dispersed metal sites, metal oxide defects, and, for example, the generation and evolution of MSI under reaction conditions, which has led to the designation of (sub)classifications of MSI deserving to be critically and systematically evaluated. These include dynamic restructuring under alternating redox and reaction conditions, adsorbate-induced MSI, and evidence of strong interactions in oxide-supported metal oxide catalysts. Here, we review recent literature on MSI in oxide-supported metal particles to provide an up-to-date understanding of the underlying physicochemical principles that dominate the observed effects in supported metal atomic, cluster, and nanoparticle catalysts. Critical evaluation of different subclassifications of MSI is provided, along with discussions on the formation mechanisms, theoretical and characterization advances, and tuning strategies to manipulate catalytic reaction performance. We also provide a perspective on the future of the field, and we discuss the analysis of different MSI effects on catalysis quantitatively.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 10450-10490 |
| Number of pages | 41 |
| Journal | Chemical Society Reviews |
| Volume | 53 |
| Issue number | 21 |
| Early online date | 2 Oct 2024 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 7 Nov 2024 |
Bibliographical note
Publisher Copyright:© 2024 The Royal Society of Chemistry.
Funding
This work was partially funded by the ERC-StG NANODYNAMICS grant. The authors thank Thomas Hartman (THIS Illustrations) for help with illustrations. Z. Z. acknowledges the financial support from the 2023 Seed Grant at GTIIT and the Key Discipline Fund in Guangdong province, China. S.R.B. acknowledges Co-ACCESS, part of the SUNCAT Center for Interface Science and Catalysis, which is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences Division.
| Funders |
|---|
| ERC-StG NANODYNAMICS grant |
| Seed Grant at GTIIT |
| Key Discipline Fund in Guangdong province, China |
| U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences Division |