Abstract
The use of behavior modifying drugs may be considered in birds with behavior problems, especially those refractory to behavior modification therapy and environmental management. To accomplish behavior change, a variety of drugs can be used, including psychoactive drugs, hormones, antihistamines, analgesics, and anticonvulsants. Because their prescription to birds is off-label, these drugs are considered appropriate only when a sound rationale can be provided for their use. This requires a (correct) behavioral diagnosis to be established. In addition, regular monitoring and follow-up are warranted to determine the efficacy of the treatment and evaluate the occurrence of potential adverse side effects.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 115-149 |
Number of pages | 35 |
Journal | Veterinary Clinics of North America - Exotic Animal Practice |
Volume | 21 |
Issue number | 1 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 1 Jan 2018 |
Keywords
- Benzodiazepines
- Dopamine antagonists
- Hormone therapy
- Opioid antagonists
- Psittaciformes
- Psychoactive drugs
- Serotonin reuptake inhibitors
- Tricyclic antidepressants