Abstract

The continued rise of antibiotic resistance is a global concern that threatens to undermine many aspects of modern medical practice. Key to addressing this threat is the discovery and development of new antibiotics that operate by unexploited modes of action. The so-called calcium-dependent lipopeptide antibiotics (CDAs) are an important emerging class of natural products that provides a source of new antibiotic agents rich in structural and mechanistic diversity. Notable in this regard is the subset of CDAs comprising the laspartomycins and amphomycins/friulimicins that specifically target the bacterial cell wall precursor undecaprenyl phosphate (C55-P). In this study we describe the design and synthesis of new C55-P-targeting CDAs with structural features drawn from both the laspartomycin and amphomycin/friulimicin classes. Assessment of these lipopeptides revealed previously unknown and surprisingly subtle structural features that are required for antibacterial activity. High-resolution crystal structures further indicate that the amphomycin/friulimicin-like lipopeptides adopt a unique crystal packing that governs their interaction with C55-P and provides an explanation for their antibacterial effect. In addition, live-cell microscopy studies provide further insights into the biological activity of the C55-P targeting CDAs highlighting their unique mechanism of action relative to the clinically used CDA daptomycin.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)2985-2991
Number of pages7
JournalChemical Science
Volume13
Issue number10
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 21 Feb 2022

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
Financial support provided by the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO PhD grant to T. M. W.) and the European Research Council (ERC consolidator grant to N. I. M., grant agreement no. 725523, and ERC starting grant to B. J. C. J., grant agreement no. 677500). We thank Paolo Innocenti for performing HRMS analyses and Fons Lefeber for assistance in acquiring NMR spectra. Professor Tanja Schneider is kindly thanked for providing an authentic sample of friulimicin B. We thank the staff at beamlines I04-1 and I04 of the Diamond Light Source (Harwell, United Kingdom) for diffraction data collection.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 Royal Society of Chemistry. All rights reserved.

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