TY - JOUR
T1 - Measurement of the oxidative potential of PM2.5 and its constituents
T2 - The effect of extraction solvent and filter type
AU - Yang, Aileen
AU - Jedynska, Aleksandra
AU - Hellack, Bryan
AU - Rooter, Ingeborg
AU - Hoek, Gerard
AU - Brunekreef, Bert
AU - Kuhlbusch, Thomas A. J.
AU - Cassee, Flemming R.
AU - Janssen, Nicole A. H.
PY - 2014/2
Y1 - 2014/2
N2 - The capacity of Particulate Matter (PM) to oxidise target molecules, defined as its oxidative potential (OP), has been proposed as a biologically more relevant metric than PM mass. Different assays exist for measuring OP and their methodologies vary in the choice of extraction solvent and filter type. Little is known about the impact of extraction and filter type on reported OP. Four a-cellular assays; electron spin resonance (ESR), dithiothreitol (DTI'), ascorbate acid depletion (AA) and reductive acridinium triggering (CRAT) assay were chosen to evaluate whether these differences affect the OP measurement, the correlation between OP from different assays and the association with PM chemical composition. We analysed 15 urban 48-72 h PM2.5 samples collected on quartz and Teflon filters. The choice of extraction solvent had only a significant effect on OPDTT, while all OP measures for quartz filters were heavily attenuated. OP values derived from quartz were, however, highly correlated with those derived from Teflon. OPDTT correlated highly with OPCRAT, and OPESR correlated highly with OPAA. These correlations were affected by the choice of filter type. Correlations between OP and PM chemical composition were not affected by filter type and extraction solvent. These findings indicate that the measurement of relative OP reactivity is not greatly influenced by filter type and extraction solvent for the investigated assays. This robustness is also promising for exploratory use in monitoring and subsequent epidemiological studies. (C) 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
AB - The capacity of Particulate Matter (PM) to oxidise target molecules, defined as its oxidative potential (OP), has been proposed as a biologically more relevant metric than PM mass. Different assays exist for measuring OP and their methodologies vary in the choice of extraction solvent and filter type. Little is known about the impact of extraction and filter type on reported OP. Four a-cellular assays; electron spin resonance (ESR), dithiothreitol (DTI'), ascorbate acid depletion (AA) and reductive acridinium triggering (CRAT) assay were chosen to evaluate whether these differences affect the OP measurement, the correlation between OP from different assays and the association with PM chemical composition. We analysed 15 urban 48-72 h PM2.5 samples collected on quartz and Teflon filters. The choice of extraction solvent had only a significant effect on OPDTT, while all OP measures for quartz filters were heavily attenuated. OP values derived from quartz were, however, highly correlated with those derived from Teflon. OPDTT correlated highly with OPCRAT, and OPESR correlated highly with OPAA. These correlations were affected by the choice of filter type. Correlations between OP and PM chemical composition were not affected by filter type and extraction solvent. These findings indicate that the measurement of relative OP reactivity is not greatly influenced by filter type and extraction solvent for the investigated assays. This robustness is also promising for exploratory use in monitoring and subsequent epidemiological studies. (C) 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
KW - Oxidative potential
KW - DTT
KW - ESR
KW - Ascorbate acid depletion
KW - Reactive oxygen species
KW - Particulate matter
KW - HYDROXYL RADICAL GENERATION
KW - AIRBORNE PARTICULATE MATTER
KW - LINING FLUID ANTIOXIDANTS
KW - AIR-POLLUTION
KW - DIESEL EXHAUST
KW - AMBIENT PM2.5
KW - PARTICLES
KW - HEALTH
KW - ASSOCIATIONS
KW - ABSORBENCY
U2 - 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2013.10.049
DO - 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2013.10.049
M3 - Article
SN - 1352-2310
VL - 83
SP - 35
EP - 42
JO - Atmospheric Environment
JF - Atmospheric Environment
ER -