TY - JOUR
T1 - Long term exposure to air pollution and kidney parenchyma cancer - Effects of low-level air pollution
T2 - a Study in Europe (ELAPSE)
AU - Hvidtfeldt, Ulla Arthur
AU - Taj, Tahir
AU - Chen, Jie
AU - Rodopoulou, Sophia
AU - Strak, Maciej
AU - de Hoogh, Kees
AU - Andersen, Zorana J
AU - Bellander, Tom
AU - Brandt, Jørgen
AU - Fecht, Daniela
AU - Forastiere, Francesco
AU - Gulliver, John
AU - Hertel, Ole
AU - Hoffmann, Barbara
AU - Jørgensen, Jeanette T
AU - Katsouyanni, Klea
AU - Ketzel, Matthias
AU - Lager, Anton
AU - Leander, Karin
AU - Ljungman, Petter
AU - Magnusson, Patrik K E
AU - Nagel, Gabriele
AU - Pershagen, Göran
AU - Rizzuto, Debora
AU - Samoli, Evangelia
AU - So, Rina
AU - Stafoggia, Massimo
AU - Tjønneland, Anne
AU - Vermeulen, Roel
AU - Weinmayr, Gudrun
AU - Wolf, Kathrin
AU - Zhang, Jiawei
AU - Zitt, Emanuel
AU - Brunekreef, Bert
AU - Hoek, Gerard
AU - Raaschou-Nielsen, Ole
N1 - Funding Information:
The research described in this article was conducted under contract to the Health Effects Institute ( HEI ), an organisation jointly funded by the United States Environmental Protection Agency ( EPA ) (Assistance Award No. R-82811201 ) and certain motor vehicle and engine manufacturers. The contents of this article do not necessarily reflect the views of HEI , or its sponsors, nor do they necessarily reflect the views and policies of the EPA or motor vehicle and engine manufacturers.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 Elsevier Inc.
PY - 2022/12
Y1 - 2022/12
N2 - BACKGROUND: Particulate matter (PM) is classified as a group 1 human carcinogen. Previous experimental studies suggest that particles in diesel exhaust induce oxidative stress, inflammation and DNA damage in kidney cells, but the evidence from population studies linking air pollution to kidney cancer is limited.METHODS: We pooled six European cohorts (N = 302,493) to assess the association of residential exposure to fine particles (PM2.5), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), black carbon (BC), warm season ozone (O3) and eight elemental components of PM2.5 (copper, iron, potassium, nickel, sulfur, silicon, vanadium, and zinc) with cancer of the kidney parenchyma. The main exposure model was developed for year 2010. We defined kidney parenchyma cancer according to the International Classification of Diseases 9th and 10th Revision codes 189.0 and C64. We applied Cox proportional hazards models adjusting for potential confounders at the individual and area-level.RESULTS: The participants were followed from baseline (1985-2005) to 2011-2015. A total of 847 cases occurred during 5,497,514 person-years of follow-up (average 18.2 years). Median (5-95%) exposure levels of NO2, PM2.5, BC and O3 were 24.1 μg/m3 (12.8-39.2), 15.3 μg/m3 (8.6-19.2), 1.6 10-5 m-1 (0.7-2.1), and 87.0 μg/m3 (70.3-97.4), respectively. The results of the fully adjusted linear analyses showed a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.03 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.92, 1.15) per 10 μg/m³ NO2, 1.04 (95% CI: 0.88, 1.21) per 5 μg/m³ PM2.5, 0.99 (95% CI: 0.89, 1.11) per 0.5 10-5 m-1 BCE, and 0.88 (95% CI: 0.76, 1.02) per 10 μg/m³ O3. We did not find associations between any of the elemental components of PM2.5 and cancer of the kidney parenchyma.CONCLUSION: We did not observe an association between long-term ambient air pollution exposure and incidence of kidney parenchyma cancer.
AB - BACKGROUND: Particulate matter (PM) is classified as a group 1 human carcinogen. Previous experimental studies suggest that particles in diesel exhaust induce oxidative stress, inflammation and DNA damage in kidney cells, but the evidence from population studies linking air pollution to kidney cancer is limited.METHODS: We pooled six European cohorts (N = 302,493) to assess the association of residential exposure to fine particles (PM2.5), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), black carbon (BC), warm season ozone (O3) and eight elemental components of PM2.5 (copper, iron, potassium, nickel, sulfur, silicon, vanadium, and zinc) with cancer of the kidney parenchyma. The main exposure model was developed for year 2010. We defined kidney parenchyma cancer according to the International Classification of Diseases 9th and 10th Revision codes 189.0 and C64. We applied Cox proportional hazards models adjusting for potential confounders at the individual and area-level.RESULTS: The participants were followed from baseline (1985-2005) to 2011-2015. A total of 847 cases occurred during 5,497,514 person-years of follow-up (average 18.2 years). Median (5-95%) exposure levels of NO2, PM2.5, BC and O3 were 24.1 μg/m3 (12.8-39.2), 15.3 μg/m3 (8.6-19.2), 1.6 10-5 m-1 (0.7-2.1), and 87.0 μg/m3 (70.3-97.4), respectively. The results of the fully adjusted linear analyses showed a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.03 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.92, 1.15) per 10 μg/m³ NO2, 1.04 (95% CI: 0.88, 1.21) per 5 μg/m³ PM2.5, 0.99 (95% CI: 0.89, 1.11) per 0.5 10-5 m-1 BCE, and 0.88 (95% CI: 0.76, 1.02) per 10 μg/m³ O3. We did not find associations between any of the elemental components of PM2.5 and cancer of the kidney parenchyma.CONCLUSION: We did not observe an association between long-term ambient air pollution exposure and incidence of kidney parenchyma cancer.
KW - Kidney cancer incidence
KW - Nitrogen dioxide
KW - Ozone
KW - PM elemental Components
KW - Particulate matter
KW - air Pollution
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85138810938&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114385
DO - 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114385
M3 - Article
C2 - 36154858
SN - 0013-9351
VL - 215
SP - 1
EP - 8
JO - Environmental Research
JF - Environmental Research
IS - Part 2
M1 - 114385
ER -