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Light-based vat-polymerization bioprinting

  • Riccardo Levato*
  • , Oksana Dudaryeva
  • , Carlos Ezio Garciamendez-Mijares
  • , Bruce E. Kirkpatrick
  • , Riccardo Rizzo
  • , Jacob Schimelman
  • , Kristi S. Anseth
  • , Shaochen Chen
  • , Marcy Zenobi-Wong
  • , Yu Shrike Zhang*
  • *Corresponding author for this work
  • Utrecht University
  • Harvard University
  • University of Colorado Boulder
  • University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus
  • Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich
  • University of California at San Diego
  • University Medical Center Utrecht

Research output: Contribution to journalArticleAcademicpeer-review

Abstract

Light-based vat-polymerization bioprinting enables computer-aided patterning of 3D cell-laden structures in a point-by-point, layer-by-layer or volumetric manner, using vat (vats) filled with photoactivatable bioresin (bioresins). This collection of technologies — divided by their modes of operation into stereolithography, digital light processing and volumetric additive manufacturing — has been extensively developed over the past few decades, leading to broad applications in biomedicine. In this Primer, we illustrate the methodology of light-based vat-polymerization 3D bioprinting from the perspectives of hardware, software and bioresin selections. We follow with discussions on methodological variations of these technologies, including their latest advancements, as well as elaborating on key assessments utilized towards ensuring qualities of the bioprinting procedures and products. We conclude by providing insights into future directions of light-based vat-polymerization methods.

Original languageEnglish
Article number47
Number of pages19
JournalNature Reviews Methods Primers
Volume3
Issue number1
Early online date22 Jun 2023
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 22 Jun 2023

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
R.L. acknowledges funding from the European Research Council and from the FET-OPEN scheme under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement Nos. 949806 and 964497) and from the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (024.004.013 and NWA.1228.192.105). B.E.K. and K.S.A. acknowledge funding from the NIH (R01DE16523 and R01DK120921). J.S. acknowledges funding support from the NIH (F31NS125986). S.C. acknowledges funding from the NIH (R01CA253615, R33HD090662 and R21ES034455) and the National Science Foundation (1907434 and 2135720). M.Z.-W. acknowledges funding from Innosuisse (55019.1 IP-ENG). Y.S.Z. acknowledges funding from the NIH (R21EB025270, R01EB028143, R01HL165176 and R01HL166522), the National Science Foundation (1936105) and the Brigham Research Institute.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2023, Springer Nature Limited.

Funding

R.L. acknowledges funding from the European Research Council and from the FET-OPEN scheme under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement Nos. 949806 and 964497) and from the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (024.004.013 and NWA.1228.192.105). B.E.K. and K.S.A. acknowledge funding from the NIH (R01DE16523 and R01DK120921). J.S. acknowledges funding support from the NIH (F31NS125986). S.C. acknowledges funding from the NIH (R01CA253615, R33HD090662 and R21ES034455) and the National Science Foundation (1907434 and 2135720). M.Z.-W. acknowledges funding from Innosuisse (55019.1 IP-ENG). Y.S.Z. acknowledges funding from the NIH (R21EB025270, R01EB028143, R01HL165176 and R01HL166522), the National Science Foundation (1936105) and the Brigham Research Institute.

Keywords

  • Mechanical-properties
  • Stem-cells
  • 3d
  • Hydrogels
  • Stereolithography
  • Fabrication
  • Constructs
  • Complex
  • Microfabrication
  • Design

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