Large-scale 3-D experiments of wave and current interaction with real vegetation. Part 1: Guidelines for physical modeling

The growing interest in incorporating nature-based solutions and ecosystem services as part of coastal protection schemes has recently increased in the literature and focused on the understanding and modeling of wave and current interactions with natural coastal landforms, such as salt marshes. With this purpose, using flumes or basins has been one of the preferred options in experimental modeling under controlled conditions. However, due to the inherent complexities associated with this approach, most of the previously published experiments are based on wave-flume experiments using vegetation mimics. The current demand for understanding the relevant processes requires a step forward, which includes experimental modeling with real vegetation on both a relevant large scale and at a sufficiently large water depth. In response to foreseen needs, this study provides useful guidance based on the experience gained from a unique set of experiments conducted in a large wave basin, including wave and current interaction with real salt marsh vegetation. This study reports on plant collection and growing strategies, plant properties, physical set-up, instrumentation, and experimental strategy and dismantling, providing guidelines aimed at being helpful for future experimental efforts at the interface of engineering and ecology.