Intra- and inter-seasonal variations in the hydrological characteristics and nutrient conditions in the southwestern Yellow Sea during spring to summer

Junjie Wang; Zhigang Yu; Qinsheng Wei; Fuxia Yang; Mingfan Dong; Dandan Li; Zhimei Gao; Qingzhen Yao

doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111139

Intra- and inter-seasonal variations in the hydrological characteristics and nutrient conditions in the southwestern Yellow Sea during spring to summer

Junjie Wang, Zhigang Yu, Qinsheng Wei, Fuxia Yang, Mingfan Dong, Dandan Li, Zhimei Gao, Qingzhen Yao^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Academic › peer-review

Abstract

Based on field survey in the southwestern Yellow Sea (SWYS) during April–September 2017, the spatiotemporal variations in the hydrological characteristics and nutrient conditions were coupled and analyzed; the intra-seasonal variations in the upwelling in the front of the Yellow Sea Cold Water Mass (YSCWM) and impacts on nutrient transport were explored. The coastal area was controlled by the low-salinity high-nutrient Lubei Coastal Current, Subei Coastal Current, and Yangtze River Diluted Water from north to south; at bottom, the northeastern SWYS was controlled by the low-temperature high-salinity high-nutrient YSCWM. Temperature, salinity and nutrient fronts formed around YSCWM. The upwelling velocity in the front increased during April to late June and decreased in early September; the upwelled fluxes of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (0.29×10³-7.77×10³ μmol·m^-2d^-1), phosphate (0.02×10³-0.27×10³ μmol·m^-2d^-1) and silicate (0.98×10³-8.75×10³ μmol·m^-2d^-1) showed similar variations during April–September. The upwelled nutrients could potentially contribute to local green tide development and phytoplankton growth during spring–summer.

Original language	English
Article number	111139
Journal	Marine Pollution Bulletin
Volume	156
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111139
Publication status	Published - Jul 2020

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
This study was funded by The National Key Research and Development Program of China ( 2017YFC1404402 ), The National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)-Shandong Joint Fund for Marine Science Research Centers ( 41876116 ), ( U1906210 ), and The Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities ( 201822006 ). We thank our laboratory colleagues for their collaboration in sampling and data acquisition.

Funding Information:
The data were collected during four surveys in the southwestern Yellow Sea during spring to summer in 2017 (Table 1 and Fig. 1). These cruises were supported by the Scientific and Technological Innovation Project of the Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology. At each station, vertical profiles of full-depth temperature, salinity, and density were recorded in situ using an SBE911 Plus self-contained CTD (conductivity?temperature?depth) profiling system (Sea-Bird Electronics Inc., USA). Discrete water samples were collected from Niskin bottles at depths of 0 m, 5 m, 10 m, 20 m, 30 m, 50 m and 2 m above the seabed (or fewer depths if shallower). The samples were filtered in situ through 0.45 ?m pore-size, pre-cleaned millipore filters. One filtrate was placed in acid-cleaned polyethylene bottles, poisoned using chloroform, and immediately frozen for determining dissolved nitrate (NO3-N), ammonia (NH4-N), nitrite (NO2-N), and phosphate (PO4-P). Another filtrate was poisoned using chloroform and kept in darkness at 4 ?C for determining silicate (SiO3-Si). Dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) was calculated as the sum of NO3-N, NO2-N, and NH4-N. The analytical precision for all nutrients was better than 3%. All sampling and analytical methods followed the Chinese national seawater analysis standards (Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China, 2007), which ensured that the data were comparable throughout the study period.This study was funded by The National Key Research and Development Program of China (2017YFC1404402), The National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)-Shandong Joint Fund for Marine Science Research Centers (41876116), (U1906210), and The Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (201822006). We thank our laboratory colleagues for their collaboration in sampling and data acquisition.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 Elsevier Ltd

Funding

This study was funded by The National Key Research and Development Program of China ( 2017YFC1404402 ), The National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)-Shandong Joint Fund for Marine Science Research Centers ( 41876116 ), ( U1906210 ), and The Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities ( 201822006 ). We thank our laboratory colleagues for their collaboration in sampling and data acquisition. The data were collected during four surveys in the southwestern Yellow Sea during spring to summer in 2017 (Table 1 and Fig. 1). These cruises were supported by the Scientific and Technological Innovation Project of the Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology. At each station, vertical profiles of full-depth temperature, salinity, and density were recorded in situ using an SBE911 Plus self-contained CTD (conductivity?temperature?depth) profiling system (Sea-Bird Electronics Inc., USA). Discrete water samples were collected from Niskin bottles at depths of 0 m, 5 m, 10 m, 20 m, 30 m, 50 m and 2 m above the seabed (or fewer depths if shallower). The samples were filtered in situ through 0.45 ?m pore-size, pre-cleaned millipore filters. One filtrate was placed in acid-cleaned polyethylene bottles, poisoned using chloroform, and immediately frozen for determining dissolved nitrate (NO3-N), ammonia (NH4-N), nitrite (NO2-N), and phosphate (PO4-P). Another filtrate was poisoned using chloroform and kept in darkness at 4 ?C for determining silicate (SiO3-Si). Dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) was calculated as the sum of NO3-N, NO2-N, and NH4-N. The analytical precision for all nutrients was better than 3%. All sampling and analytical methods followed the Chinese national seawater analysis standards (Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China, 2007), which ensured that the data were comparable throughout the study period.This study was funded by The National Key Research and Development Program of China (2017YFC1404402), The National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)-Shandong Joint Fund for Marine Science Research Centers (41876116), (U1906210), and The Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (201822006). We thank our laboratory colleagues for their collaboration in sampling and data acquisition.

Keywords

Ecological impacts
Hydrological properties
Intra- and inter-seasonal variations
Nutrients
Southwestern Yellow Sea
Upwelling

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10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111139

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@article{c3116c10a52b4e2ab08a6d2ca22abd7f,

title = "Intra- and inter-seasonal variations in the hydrological characteristics and nutrient conditions in the southwestern Yellow Sea during spring to summer",

abstract = "Based on field survey in the southwestern Yellow Sea (SWYS) during April–September 2017, the spatiotemporal variations in the hydrological characteristics and nutrient conditions were coupled and analyzed; the intra-seasonal variations in the upwelling in the front of the Yellow Sea Cold Water Mass (YSCWM) and impacts on nutrient transport were explored. The coastal area was controlled by the low-salinity high-nutrient Lubei Coastal Current, Subei Coastal Current, and Yangtze River Diluted Water from north to south; at bottom, the northeastern SWYS was controlled by the low-temperature high-salinity high-nutrient YSCWM. Temperature, salinity and nutrient fronts formed around YSCWM. The upwelling velocity in the front increased during April to late June and decreased in early September; the upwelled fluxes of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (0.29×103-7.77×103 μmol·m-2d-1), phosphate (0.02×103-0.27×103 μmol·m-2d-1) and silicate (0.98×103-8.75×103 μmol·m-2d-1) showed similar variations during April–September. The upwelled nutrients could potentially contribute to local green tide development and phytoplankton growth during spring–summer.",

keywords = "Ecological impacts, Hydrological properties, Intra- and inter-seasonal variations, Nutrients, Southwestern Yellow Sea, Upwelling",

author = "Junjie Wang and Zhigang Yu and Qinsheng Wei and Fuxia Yang and Mingfan Dong and Dandan Li and Zhimei Gao and Qingzhen Yao",

note = "Funding Information: This study was funded by The National Key Research and Development Program of China ( 2017YFC1404402 ), The National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)-Shandong Joint Fund for Marine Science Research Centers ( 41876116 ), ( U1906210 ), and The Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities ( 201822006 ). We thank our laboratory colleagues for their collaboration in sampling and data acquisition. Funding Information: The data were collected during four surveys in the southwestern Yellow Sea during spring to summer in 2017 (Table 1 and Fig. 1). These cruises were supported by the Scientific and Technological Innovation Project of the Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology. At each station, vertical profiles of full-depth temperature, salinity, and density were recorded in situ using an SBE911 Plus self-contained CTD (conductivity?temperature?depth) profiling system (Sea-Bird Electronics Inc., USA). Discrete water samples were collected from Niskin bottles at depths of 0 m, 5 m, 10 m, 20 m, 30 m, 50 m and 2 m above the seabed (or fewer depths if shallower). The samples were filtered in situ through 0.45 ?m pore-size, pre-cleaned millipore filters. One filtrate was placed in acid-cleaned polyethylene bottles, poisoned using chloroform, and immediately frozen for determining dissolved nitrate (NO3-N), ammonia (NH4-N), nitrite (NO2-N), and phosphate (PO4-P). Another filtrate was poisoned using chloroform and kept in darkness at 4 ?C for determining silicate (SiO3-Si). Dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) was calculated as the sum of NO3-N, NO2-N, and NH4-N. The analytical precision for all nutrients was better than 3%. All sampling and analytical methods followed the Chinese national seawater analysis standards (Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China, 2007), which ensured that the data were comparable throughout the study period.This study was funded by The National Key Research and Development Program of China (2017YFC1404402), The National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)-Shandong Joint Fund for Marine Science Research Centers (41876116), (U1906210), and The Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (201822006). We thank our laboratory colleagues for their collaboration in sampling and data acquisition. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2020 Elsevier Ltd",

year = "2020",

month = jul,

doi = "10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111139",

language = "English",

volume = "156",

journal = "Marine Pollution Bulletin",

issn = "0025-326X",

publisher = "Elsevier Ltd",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Intra- and inter-seasonal variations in the hydrological characteristics and nutrient conditions in the southwestern Yellow Sea during spring to summer

AU - Wang, Junjie

AU - Yu, Zhigang

AU - Wei, Qinsheng

AU - Yang, Fuxia

AU - Dong, Mingfan

AU - Li, Dandan

AU - Gao, Zhimei

AU - Yao, Qingzhen

N1 - Funding Information: This study was funded by The National Key Research and Development Program of China ( 2017YFC1404402 ), The National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)-Shandong Joint Fund for Marine Science Research Centers ( 41876116 ), ( U1906210 ), and The Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities ( 201822006 ). We thank our laboratory colleagues for their collaboration in sampling and data acquisition. Funding Information: The data were collected during four surveys in the southwestern Yellow Sea during spring to summer in 2017 (Table 1 and Fig. 1). These cruises were supported by the Scientific and Technological Innovation Project of the Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology. At each station, vertical profiles of full-depth temperature, salinity, and density were recorded in situ using an SBE911 Plus self-contained CTD (conductivity?temperature?depth) profiling system (Sea-Bird Electronics Inc., USA). Discrete water samples were collected from Niskin bottles at depths of 0 m, 5 m, 10 m, 20 m, 30 m, 50 m and 2 m above the seabed (or fewer depths if shallower). The samples were filtered in situ through 0.45 ?m pore-size, pre-cleaned millipore filters. One filtrate was placed in acid-cleaned polyethylene bottles, poisoned using chloroform, and immediately frozen for determining dissolved nitrate (NO3-N), ammonia (NH4-N), nitrite (NO2-N), and phosphate (PO4-P). Another filtrate was poisoned using chloroform and kept in darkness at 4 ?C for determining silicate (SiO3-Si). Dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) was calculated as the sum of NO3-N, NO2-N, and NH4-N. The analytical precision for all nutrients was better than 3%. All sampling and analytical methods followed the Chinese national seawater analysis standards (Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China, 2007), which ensured that the data were comparable throughout the study period.This study was funded by The National Key Research and Development Program of China (2017YFC1404402), The National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)-Shandong Joint Fund for Marine Science Research Centers (41876116), (U1906210), and The Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (201822006). We thank our laboratory colleagues for their collaboration in sampling and data acquisition. Publisher Copyright: © 2020 Elsevier Ltd

PY - 2020/7

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N2 - Based on field survey in the southwestern Yellow Sea (SWYS) during April–September 2017, the spatiotemporal variations in the hydrological characteristics and nutrient conditions were coupled and analyzed; the intra-seasonal variations in the upwelling in the front of the Yellow Sea Cold Water Mass (YSCWM) and impacts on nutrient transport were explored. The coastal area was controlled by the low-salinity high-nutrient Lubei Coastal Current, Subei Coastal Current, and Yangtze River Diluted Water from north to south; at bottom, the northeastern SWYS was controlled by the low-temperature high-salinity high-nutrient YSCWM. Temperature, salinity and nutrient fronts formed around YSCWM. The upwelling velocity in the front increased during April to late June and decreased in early September; the upwelled fluxes of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (0.29×103-7.77×103 μmol·m-2d-1), phosphate (0.02×103-0.27×103 μmol·m-2d-1) and silicate (0.98×103-8.75×103 μmol·m-2d-1) showed similar variations during April–September. The upwelled nutrients could potentially contribute to local green tide development and phytoplankton growth during spring–summer.

AB - Based on field survey in the southwestern Yellow Sea (SWYS) during April–September 2017, the spatiotemporal variations in the hydrological characteristics and nutrient conditions were coupled and analyzed; the intra-seasonal variations in the upwelling in the front of the Yellow Sea Cold Water Mass (YSCWM) and impacts on nutrient transport were explored. The coastal area was controlled by the low-salinity high-nutrient Lubei Coastal Current, Subei Coastal Current, and Yangtze River Diluted Water from north to south; at bottom, the northeastern SWYS was controlled by the low-temperature high-salinity high-nutrient YSCWM. Temperature, salinity and nutrient fronts formed around YSCWM. The upwelling velocity in the front increased during April to late June and decreased in early September; the upwelled fluxes of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (0.29×103-7.77×103 μmol·m-2d-1), phosphate (0.02×103-0.27×103 μmol·m-2d-1) and silicate (0.98×103-8.75×103 μmol·m-2d-1) showed similar variations during April–September. The upwelled nutrients could potentially contribute to local green tide development and phytoplankton growth during spring–summer.

KW - Ecological impacts

KW - Hydrological properties

KW - Intra- and inter-seasonal variations

KW - Nutrients

KW - Southwestern Yellow Sea

KW - Upwelling

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U2 - 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111139

DO - 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111139

M3 - Article

C2 - 32510353

AN - SCOPUS:85085497879

SN - 0025-326X

VL - 156

JO - Marine Pollution Bulletin

JF - Marine Pollution Bulletin

M1 - 111139

ER -

Intra- and inter-seasonal variations in the hydrological characteristics and nutrient conditions in the southwestern Yellow Sea during spring to summer

Abstract

Bibliographical note

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Keywords

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