Internal structure of intonational categories: The (dis)appearance of a perceptual magnet effect

Joe Rodd, Aoju Chen

Research output: Contribution to journalArticleAcademicpeer-review

Abstract

The question of whether intonation events are speech categories like phonemes and lexical tones has long been a puzzle in prosodic research. In past work, researchers have studied categoricality of pitch accents and boundary tones by examining perceptual phenomena stemming from research on phoneme categories (i.e., intonation boundary effects—peaks in discrimination sensitivity at category boundaries, perceptual magnet effects—sensitivity minima near the best exemplar or prototype of a category). Both lines of research have yielded mixed results. However, boundary effects are not necessarily related to categoricality of speech. Using improved methodology, the present study examines whether pitch accents have domain-general internal structure of categories by testing the perceptual magnet effect. Perceived goodness and discriminability of re-synthesized productions of Dutch rising pitch accent (L*H) were evaluated by native speakers of Dutch in three experiments. The variation between these stimuli was quantified using a polynomial-parametric modeling approach. A perceptual magnet effect was detected: (1) rated “goodness” decreased as acoustic-perceptual distance relative to the prototype increased (Experiment 1), and (2) equally spaced items far from the prototype were more frequently discriminated than equally spaced items in the neighborhood of the prototype (Experiment 2). These results provide first evidence for internal structure of pitch accents, similar to that found in color and phoneme categories. However, the discrimination accuracy gathered here was lower than that reported for phonemes. The discrimination advantage in the neighborhood far from the prototype disappeared when participants were tested on a very large number of stimuli (Experiment 3), similar to findings on phonemes and different from findings for lexical tones in neutral network simulations of distributional learning. These results suggest a more transient nature of the perceptual magnet effect in the perception of pitch accents and arguably weaker categoricality of pitch accents, compared to that of phonemes and in particular of lexical tones.
Original languageEnglish
Article number911349
Number of pages18
JournalFrontiers in Psychology
Volume13
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 17 Jan 2023

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
Copyright © 2023 Rodd and Chen.

Funding

We thank Louis ten Bosch for the useful comments on experimental methodology at an early phase of the preparations, Uwe Reichel for comments on the orthogonal polynomial stylization approach adopted, and Huub van den Bergh and Tom Lentz for advice on statistical matters and on the interpretation and presentation of the results. The research was partially funded by a Talent grant awarded to AC by Utrecht University’s strategic theme ‘Dynamics of Youth’.

FundersFunder number
Louis ten Bosch
Universiteit Utrecht

    Keywords

    • Autosegmental-metrical theory
    • categorical perception
    • differential discrimination
    • goodness rating
    • internal structure
    • intonational phonology
    • perceptual magnet effect
    • pitch accent

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