Abstract
Carbon (d13Corg, d13Ccarb) and oxygen (d18Ocarb) isotope records are presented for an expanded Upper Cretaceous (Turonian–Coniacian) hemipelagic succession cored in the central Bohemian Cretaceous Basin, Czech Republic. Geophysical logs, biostratigraphy and stable carbon isotope chemostratigraphy
provide a high-resolution stratigraphic framework. The d13Ccarb and d13Corg
profiles are compared, and the time series correlated with published coeval
marine and non-marine isotope records from Europe, North America and
Japan. All previously named Turonian carbon isotope events are identified and
correlated at high-resolution between multiple sections, in different facies,
basins and continents. The viability of using both carbonate and organic matter
carbon isotope chemostratigraphy for improved stratigraphic resolution, for
placing stage boundaries, and for intercontinental correlation is demonstrated,
but anchoring the time series using biostratigraphic data is essential. An Early
to Middle Turonian thermal maximum followed by a synchronous episode of
stepped cooling throughout Europe during the Middle to Late Turonian is evidenced by bulk carbonate and brachiopod shell d18Ocarb data, and regional
changes in the distribution and composition of macrofaunal assemblages. The
Late Turonian Cool Phase in Europe was coincident with a period of long-term
sea-level fall, with significant water-mass reorganization occurring during the
mid-Late Turonian maximum lowstand. Falling D13C (d13Ccarb – d13Corg)
trends coincident with two major cooling pulses, point to pCO2 drawdown
accompanying cooling, but the use of paired carbon isotopes as a high-resolution pCO2 proxy is compromised in the low-carbonate sediments of the Bohemian Basin study section by diagenetic overprinting of the d13Ccarb record.
Carbon isotope chemostratigraphy is confirmed as a powerful tool for testing
and refining intercontinental and marine to terrestrial correlations.
provide a high-resolution stratigraphic framework. The d13Ccarb and d13Corg
profiles are compared, and the time series correlated with published coeval
marine and non-marine isotope records from Europe, North America and
Japan. All previously named Turonian carbon isotope events are identified and
correlated at high-resolution between multiple sections, in different facies,
basins and continents. The viability of using both carbonate and organic matter
carbon isotope chemostratigraphy for improved stratigraphic resolution, for
placing stage boundaries, and for intercontinental correlation is demonstrated,
but anchoring the time series using biostratigraphic data is essential. An Early
to Middle Turonian thermal maximum followed by a synchronous episode of
stepped cooling throughout Europe during the Middle to Late Turonian is evidenced by bulk carbonate and brachiopod shell d18Ocarb data, and regional
changes in the distribution and composition of macrofaunal assemblages. The
Late Turonian Cool Phase in Europe was coincident with a period of long-term
sea-level fall, with significant water-mass reorganization occurring during the
mid-Late Turonian maximum lowstand. Falling D13C (d13Ccarb – d13Corg)
trends coincident with two major cooling pulses, point to pCO2 drawdown
accompanying cooling, but the use of paired carbon isotopes as a high-resolution pCO2 proxy is compromised in the low-carbonate sediments of the Bohemian Basin study section by diagenetic overprinting of the d13Ccarb record.
Carbon isotope chemostratigraphy is confirmed as a powerful tool for testing
and refining intercontinental and marine to terrestrial correlations.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 53-90 |
| Journal | The Depositional Record |
| Volume | 1 |
| Issue number | 2 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - Dec 2015 |
Keywords
- Carbon isotopes
- chemostratigraphy
- climate change
- Cretaceous
- oxygen isotopes
- pCO2
- sea-level change