Inclusive rule-making by international organisations: lessons learned and persisting challenges

This chapter presents the main takeaways from the volume in relation to three key challenges faced by international organisations when seeking to improve their inclusiveness practices. First, it discusses how institutional procedures for the identification and selection of relevant stakeholders can be designed to promote broader engagement. Second, it considers proposals for different modes of engagement that international organisations can consider when pursuing effective participation. Third, it reflects on the unequal power and resources of different stakeholders and the associated challenge of guaranteeing equal representation of all relevant interests, noting that participation opportunities are often under-utilised by civil society actors. Finally, the chapter highlights the role of inclusive rule-making in maintaining favourable public perceptions and trust in international institutions.