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In-situ Scanning Transmission X-Ray Microscopy of Catalytic Solids and Related Nanomaterials

    Research output: Contribution to journalLiterature reviewpeer-review

    Abstract

    The present status of in-situ scanning transmission X-ray microscopy (STXM) is reviewed, with an emphasis on the abilities of the STXM technique in comparison with electron microscopy. The experimental aspects and interpretation of X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) are briefly introduced and the experimental boundary conditions that determine the potential applications for in-situ XAS and in-situ STXM studies are discussed. Nanoscale chemical imaging of catalysts under working conditions is outlined using cobalt and iron Fischer-Tropsch catalysts as showcases. In the discussion, we critically compare STXM-XAS and STEM-EELS (scanning transmission electron microscopy-electron energy loss spectroscopy) measurements and indicate some future directions of in-situ nanoscale imaging of catalytic solids and related nanomaterials.

    Original languageEnglish
    Pages (from-to)951-962
    Number of pages12
    JournalChemPhysChem
    Volume11
    Issue number5
    DOIs
    Publication statusPublished - 6 Apr 2010

    Funding

    We acknowledge financial support for some of the work described in this review article from the Netherlands National Science Foundation (NWO/VICI program) as well as the Netherlands Research School Combination Catalysis (NRSC-C) and Shell Global Solutions.

    Keywords

    • electron microscopy
    • Fischer-Tropsch catalysts
    • in-situ scanning transmission X-ray microscopy (STXM)
    • nanomaterials
    • ADVANCED LIGHT-SOURCE
    • OVER-EXCHANGED FE/ZSM5
    • ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY
    • ABSORPTION-SPECTROSCOPY
    • ATOMIC-SCALE
    • CHEMICAL CONTRAST
    • RADIATION-DAMAGE
    • BESSY-II
    • SPECTROMICROSCOPY
    • EDGE

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