Hostile interpretation as a transdiagnostic factor for cooccurring anxiety in boys with aggressive behavior problems

Sophie C. Alsem*, Anouk van Dijk, Esmée E. Verhulp, Bram O. De Castro*

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticleAcademicpeer-review

Abstract

Many children with aggressive behavior problems also suffer from anxiety. This cooccurrence may perhaps be explained by transdiagnostic factors. Identifying these factors seems crucial, as they may be important targets to treat these cooccurring problems effectively. This two-study paper investigates whether hostile interpretation of others’ intentions is a transdiagnostic factor for cooccurring aggression and anxiety problems, examining two samples of boys in middle childhood. We assessed boys’ aggression and anxiety using teacher-report in Study 1 (N = 84, Mage = 10.10), and parent-report in Study 2 (N = 115, Mage = 10.55). In both studies, we assessed hostile interpretation using vignettes describing ambiguous provocations by peers. Both studies revealed a strong association between aggression and anxiety problems, underscoring the necessity to examine factors that can explain this cooccurrence. However, in neither study was this association reduced when we added hostile interpretation to the model, suggesting that hostile interpretation did not function as a transdiagnostic factor in our samples. One possible explanation for these findings is that hostile interpretation predicts both aggression and anxiety problems, but in different children. We, therefore, encourage scholars to conduct more research to explain the high comorbidity of aggression and anxiety problems in children. Future research should also examine hostile interpretation as predictor or transdiagnostic factor for aggression and anxiety problems in more diverse population, including girls and other age groups.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)1243-1261
Number of pages19
JournalSocial Development
Volume32
Issue number4
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Nov 2023

Keywords

  • aggression
  • anxiety
  • children
  • comorbidity
  • transdiagnostic factors

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