TY - JOUR
T1 - Hindcasting harmful algal bloom risk due to land-based nutrient pollution in the Eastern Chinese coastal seas
AU - Wang, Hao
AU - Bouwman, Alexander F.
AU - Van Gils, Jos
AU - Vilmin, Lauriane
AU - Beusen, Arthur H.W.
AU - Wang, Junjie
AU - Liu, Xiaochen
AU - Yu, Zhigang
AU - Ran, Xiangbin
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors are very grateful to Julien Groenenboom for the technical support in applying D-Flow Flexible Mesh model to this study. We thank Yonggui Yu, Fuxia Yang and other contributors who provided the data sets used in this study. HW received funding from the China Scholarship Council. This study was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Project No. 41930862 , 42176048 , and 42149902 ).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 Elsevier Ltd
PY - 2023/3/1
Y1 - 2023/3/1
N2 - Harmful algal blooms (HABs) have been increasing in frequency, areal extent and duration due to the large increase in nutrient inputs from land-based sources to coastal seas, and cause significant economic losses. In this study, we used the “watershed-coast-continuum” concept to explore the effects of land-based nutrient pollution on HAB development in the Eastern Chinese coastal seas (ECCS). Results from the coupling of a watershed nutrient model and a coast hydrodynamic-biogeochemical model show that between the 1980s and 2000s, the risk of diatom blooms and dinoflagellate blooms increased by 158% and 127%, respectively. The spatial expansion of HAB risk caused by dinoflagellates is larger than that of diatoms. The simulated suitability of the habitat for bloom of Aureococcus anophagefferens, a pico-plankton of non-diatom or dinoflagellate, in the Bohai Sea is consistent with observations spatially and temporally. To halt further nutrient accumulation in the ECCS, reductions of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) (16%) and dissolved inorganic phosphorus (DIP) (33%) loading are required. To improve the situation of distorted DIN:DIP ratios, even larger reductions of DIN are required, especially in the Bohai Sea. Our approach is a feasible way to predict the risk of HABs under the pressure of increasing anthropogenic nutrient pollution in coastal waters.
AB - Harmful algal blooms (HABs) have been increasing in frequency, areal extent and duration due to the large increase in nutrient inputs from land-based sources to coastal seas, and cause significant economic losses. In this study, we used the “watershed-coast-continuum” concept to explore the effects of land-based nutrient pollution on HAB development in the Eastern Chinese coastal seas (ECCS). Results from the coupling of a watershed nutrient model and a coast hydrodynamic-biogeochemical model show that between the 1980s and 2000s, the risk of diatom blooms and dinoflagellate blooms increased by 158% and 127%, respectively. The spatial expansion of HAB risk caused by dinoflagellates is larger than that of diatoms. The simulated suitability of the habitat for bloom of Aureococcus anophagefferens, a pico-plankton of non-diatom or dinoflagellate, in the Bohai Sea is consistent with observations spatially and temporally. To halt further nutrient accumulation in the ECCS, reductions of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) (16%) and dissolved inorganic phosphorus (DIP) (33%) loading are required. To improve the situation of distorted DIN:DIP ratios, even larger reductions of DIN are required, especially in the Bohai Sea. Our approach is a feasible way to predict the risk of HABs under the pressure of increasing anthropogenic nutrient pollution in coastal waters.
KW - Coastal area
KW - Harmful algal blooms
KW - Nutrient pollution
KW - Process-based modeling
KW - Watershed-coast-continuum
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85147220589&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.watres.2023.119669
DO - 10.1016/j.watres.2023.119669
M3 - Article
C2 - 36716567
AN - SCOPUS:85147220589
SN - 0043-1354
VL - 231
JO - Water Research
JF - Water Research
M1 - 119669
ER -