Geomorphic and geologic controls of geohazards induced by Nepal's 2015 Gorkha earthquake

J. S. Kargel; G. J. Leonard; D. H. Shugar; U. K. Haritashya; A. Bevington; E. J. Fielding; K. Fujita; M. Geertsema; E. S. Miles; J. Steiner; E. Anderson; S. Bajracharya; G. W. Bawden; D. F. Breashears; A. Byers; B. Collins; M. R. Dhital; A. Donnellan; T. L. Evans; M. L. Geai; M. T. Glasscoe; D. Green; D. R. Gurung; R. Heijenk; A. Hilborn; K. Hudnut; C. Huyck; W. W. Immerzeel; Jiang Liming; R. Jibson; A. Kääb; N. R. Khanal; D. Kirschbaum; P. D A Kraaijenbrink; D. Lamsal; Liu Shiyin; Lv Mingyang; D. McKinney; N. K. Nahirnick; Nan Zhuotong; S. Ojha; J. Olsenholler; T. H. Painter; M. Pleasants; K. C. Pratima; Q. I. Yuan; B. H. Raup; D. Regmi; D. R. Rounce; A. Sakai; Shangguan Donghui; J. M. Shea; A. B. Shrestha; A. Shukla; D. Stumm; M. van der Kooij; K. Voss; Wang Xin; B. Weihs; D. Wolfe; Wu Lizong; Yao Xiaojun; M. R. Yoder; N. Young

doi:10.1126/science.aac8353

Geomorphic and geologic controls of geohazards induced by Nepal's 2015 Gorkha earthquake

J. S. Kargel, G. J. Leonard, D. H. Shugar, U. K. Haritashya, A. Bevington, E. J. Fielding, K. Fujita, M. Geertsema, E. S. Miles, J. Steiner, E. Anderson, S. Bajracharya, G. W. Bawden, D. F. Breashears, A. Byers, B. Collins, M. R. Dhital, A. Donnellan, T. L. Evans, M. L. GeaiM. T. Glasscoe, D. Green, D. R. Gurung, R. Heijenk, A. Hilborn, K. Hudnut, C. Huyck, W. W. Immerzeel, Jiang Liming, R. Jibson, A. Kääb, N. R. Khanal, D. Kirschbaum, P. D A Kraaijenbrink, D. Lamsal, Liu Shiyin, Lv Mingyang, D. McKinney, N. K. Nahirnick, Nan Zhuotong, S. Ojha, J. Olsenholler, T. H. Painter, M. Pleasants, K. C. Pratima, Q. I. Yuan, B. H. Raup, D. Regmi, D. R. Rounce, A. Sakai, Shangguan Donghui, J. M. Shea, A. B. Shrestha, A. Shukla, D. Stumm, M. van der Kooij, K. Voss, Wang Xin, B. Weihs, D. Wolfe, Wu Lizong, Yao Xiaojun, M. R. Yoder, N. Young

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Abstract

The Gorkha earthquake (magnitude 7.8) on 25 April 2015 and later aftershocks struck South Asia, killing ~9000 people and damaging a large region. Supported by a large campaign of responsive satellite data acquisitions over the earthquake disaster zone, our team undertook a satellite image survey of the earthquakes' induced geohazards in Nepal and China and an assessment of the geomorphic, tectonic, and lithologic controls on quake-induced landslides. Timely analysis and communication aided response and recovery and informed decision-makers. We mapped 4312 coseismic and postseismic landslides. We also surveyed 491 glacier lakes for earthquake damage but found only nine landslide-impacted lakes and no visible satellite evidence of outbursts. Landslide densities correlate with slope, peak ground acceleration, surface downdrop, and specific metamorphic lithologies and large plutonic intrusions.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	aac8353
Journal	Science
Volume	351
Issue number	6269
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aac8353
Publication status	Published - 8 Jan 2016

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Kargel, J. S., Leonard, G. J., Shugar, D. H., Haritashya, U. K., Bevington, A., Fielding, E. J., Fujita, K., Geertsema, M., Miles, E. S., Steiner, J., Anderson, E., Bajracharya, S., Bawden, G. W., Breashears, D. F., Byers, A., Collins, B., Dhital, M. R., Donnellan, A., Evans, T. L., ... Young, N. (2016). Geomorphic and geologic controls of geohazards induced by Nepal's 2015 Gorkha earthquake. Science, 351(6269), aac8353. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aac8353

@article{c9fb0fa97e514f37951256fad77527b8,

title = "Geomorphic and geologic controls of geohazards induced by Nepal's 2015 Gorkha earthquake",

abstract = "The Gorkha earthquake (magnitude 7.8) on 25 April 2015 and later aftershocks struck South Asia, killing ~9000 people and damaging a large region. Supported by a large campaign of responsive satellite data acquisitions over the earthquake disaster zone, our team undertook a satellite image survey of the earthquakes' induced geohazards in Nepal and China and an assessment of the geomorphic, tectonic, and lithologic controls on quake-induced landslides. Timely analysis and communication aided response and recovery and informed decision-makers. We mapped 4312 coseismic and postseismic landslides. We also surveyed 491 glacier lakes for earthquake damage but found only nine landslide-impacted lakes and no visible satellite evidence of outbursts. Landslide densities correlate with slope, peak ground acceleration, surface downdrop, and specific metamorphic lithologies and large plutonic intrusions. ",

author = "Kargel, {J. S.} and Leonard, {G. J.} and Shugar, {D. H.} and Haritashya, {U. K.} and A. Bevington and Fielding, {E. J.} and K. Fujita and M. Geertsema and Miles, {E. S.} and J. Steiner and E. Anderson and S. Bajracharya and Bawden, {G. W.} and Breashears, {D. F.} and A. Byers and B. Collins and Dhital, {M. R.} and A. Donnellan and Evans, {T. L.} and Geai, {M. L.} and Glasscoe, {M. T.} and D. Green and Gurung, {D. R.} and R. Heijenk and A. Hilborn and K. Hudnut and C. Huyck and Immerzeel, {W. W.} and Jiang Liming and R. Jibson and A. K{\"a}{\"a}b and Khanal, {N. R.} and D. Kirschbaum and Kraaijenbrink, {P. D A} and D. Lamsal and Liu Shiyin and Lv Mingyang and D. McKinney and Nahirnick, {N. K.} and Nan Zhuotong and S. Ojha and J. Olsenholler and Painter, {T. H.} and M. Pleasants and Pratima, {K. C.} and Yuan, {Q. I.} and Raup, {B. H.} and D. Regmi and Rounce, {D. R.} and A. Sakai and Shangguan Donghui and Shea, {J. M.} and Shrestha, {A. B.} and A. Shukla and D. Stumm and {van der Kooij}, M. and K. Voss and Wang Xin and B. Weihs and D. Wolfe and Wu Lizong and Yao Xiaojun and Yoder, {M. R.} and N. Young",

year = "2016",

month = jan,

day = "8",

doi = "10.1126/science.aac8353",

language = "English",

volume = "351",

pages = "aac8353",

journal = "Science",

issn = "0036-8075",

publisher = "American Association for the Advancement of Science",

number = "6269",

}

Kargel, JS, Leonard, GJ, Shugar, DH, Haritashya, UK, Bevington, A, Fielding, EJ, Fujita, K, Geertsema, M, Miles, ES, Steiner, J, Anderson, E, Bajracharya, S, Bawden, GW, Breashears, DF, Byers, A, Collins, B, Dhital, MR, Donnellan, A, Evans, TL, Geai, ML, Glasscoe, MT, Green, D, Gurung, DR, Heijenk, R, Hilborn, A, Hudnut, K, Huyck, C, Immerzeel, WW, Liming, J, Jibson, R, Kääb, A, Khanal, NR, Kirschbaum, D, Kraaijenbrink, PDA, Lamsal, D, Shiyin, L, Mingyang, L, McKinney, D, Nahirnick, NK, Zhuotong, N, Ojha, S, Olsenholler, J, Painter, TH, Pleasants, M, Pratima, KC, Yuan, QI, Raup, BH, Regmi, D, Rounce, DR, Sakai, A, Donghui, S, Shea, JM, Shrestha, AB, Shukla, A, Stumm, D, van der Kooij, M, Voss, K, Xin, W, Weihs, B, Wolfe, D, Lizong, W, Xiaojun, Y, Yoder, MR & Young, N 2016, 'Geomorphic and geologic controls of geohazards induced by Nepal's 2015 Gorkha earthquake', Science, vol. 351, no. 6269, pp. aac8353. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aac8353

TY - JOUR

T1 - Geomorphic and geologic controls of geohazards induced by Nepal's 2015 Gorkha earthquake

AU - Kargel, J. S.

AU - Leonard, G. J.

AU - Shugar, D. H.

AU - Haritashya, U. K.

AU - Bevington, A.

AU - Fielding, E. J.

AU - Fujita, K.

AU - Geertsema, M.

AU - Miles, E. S.

AU - Steiner, J.

AU - Anderson, E.

AU - Bajracharya, S.

AU - Bawden, G. W.

AU - Breashears, D. F.

AU - Byers, A.

AU - Collins, B.

AU - Dhital, M. R.

AU - Donnellan, A.

AU - Evans, T. L.

AU - Geai, M. L.

AU - Glasscoe, M. T.

AU - Green, D.

AU - Gurung, D. R.

AU - Heijenk, R.

AU - Hilborn, A.

AU - Hudnut, K.

AU - Huyck, C.

AU - Immerzeel, W. W.

AU - Liming, Jiang

AU - Jibson, R.

AU - Kääb, A.

AU - Khanal, N. R.

AU - Kirschbaum, D.

AU - Kraaijenbrink, P. D A

AU - Lamsal, D.

AU - Shiyin, Liu

AU - Mingyang, Lv

AU - McKinney, D.

AU - Nahirnick, N. K.

AU - Zhuotong, Nan

AU - Ojha, S.

AU - Olsenholler, J.

AU - Painter, T. H.

AU - Pleasants, M.

AU - Pratima, K. C.

AU - Yuan, Q. I.

AU - Raup, B. H.

AU - Regmi, D.

AU - Rounce, D. R.

AU - Sakai, A.

AU - Donghui, Shangguan

AU - Shea, J. M.

AU - Shrestha, A. B.

AU - Shukla, A.

AU - Stumm, D.

AU - van der Kooij, M.

AU - Voss, K.

AU - Xin, Wang

AU - Weihs, B.

AU - Wolfe, D.

AU - Lizong, Wu

AU - Xiaojun, Yao

AU - Yoder, M. R.

AU - Young, N.

PY - 2016/1/8

Y1 - 2016/1/8

N2 - The Gorkha earthquake (magnitude 7.8) on 25 April 2015 and later aftershocks struck South Asia, killing ~9000 people and damaging a large region. Supported by a large campaign of responsive satellite data acquisitions over the earthquake disaster zone, our team undertook a satellite image survey of the earthquakes' induced geohazards in Nepal and China and an assessment of the geomorphic, tectonic, and lithologic controls on quake-induced landslides. Timely analysis and communication aided response and recovery and informed decision-makers. We mapped 4312 coseismic and postseismic landslides. We also surveyed 491 glacier lakes for earthquake damage but found only nine landslide-impacted lakes and no visible satellite evidence of outbursts. Landslide densities correlate with slope, peak ground acceleration, surface downdrop, and specific metamorphic lithologies and large plutonic intrusions.

AB - The Gorkha earthquake (magnitude 7.8) on 25 April 2015 and later aftershocks struck South Asia, killing ~9000 people and damaging a large region. Supported by a large campaign of responsive satellite data acquisitions over the earthquake disaster zone, our team undertook a satellite image survey of the earthquakes' induced geohazards in Nepal and China and an assessment of the geomorphic, tectonic, and lithologic controls on quake-induced landslides. Timely analysis and communication aided response and recovery and informed decision-makers. We mapped 4312 coseismic and postseismic landslides. We also surveyed 491 glacier lakes for earthquake damage but found only nine landslide-impacted lakes and no visible satellite evidence of outbursts. Landslide densities correlate with slope, peak ground acceleration, surface downdrop, and specific metamorphic lithologies and large plutonic intrusions.

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84955062919&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1126/science.aac8353

DO - 10.1126/science.aac8353

M3 - Article

C2 - 26676355

AN - SCOPUS:84955062919

SN - 0036-8075

VL - 351

SP - aac8353

JO - Science

JF - Science

IS - 6269

ER -

Geomorphic and geologic controls of geohazards induced by Nepal's 2015 Gorkha earthquake

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