TY - JOUR
T1 - Field comparison of two NO2 passive samplers to assess spatial variation
AU - Van Reeuwijk, H.
AU - Fischer, P. H.
AU - Harssema, H.
AU - Briggs, D. J.
AU - Smallbone, K.
AU - Lebret, E.
N1 - Funding Information:
The SAVIAH study was a multi-centre project, funded under the EU Third Frame-work Programme. It was led by Prof. Paul Elliott (Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Imperial College, London UK – formerly at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine) and co-principal investigators were Prof. David Briggs (Nene Centre for research, Nene College Northampton, UK – formerly at the University of Huddersfield), Dr. Erik Lebret, PhD (Environmental Epidemiology Unit, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, the Netherlands), Dr. Pawel Gorynski (National Institute of Hygiene, Warsaw, Poland) and Prof. Bohumir Kriz (Department of Public Health, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic). Other members of the project were: Marco Martuzzi and Chris Grundy (London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK); Susan Collins, Emma Livesely and Kirsty Smallbone (University of Huddersfield, UK); Paul Fischer, Hans van Reeuwijk, Caroline Ameling, Andre van der Veen, Gerda Doornbos and Luuk Gras (National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, NL); Dr. Hendrik Harssema, PhD (Department of Air Quality, Wageningen Agricultural University, NL); Dr. Joop van Wijnen (Municipal Health Service, Amsterdam, NL); Dr. Bogdan Wojtyniak and Irene Szutowicz (National Institute of Hygiene, Warsaw, Poland); Jerzy Szaniecki (Sanitary Epidemiological Station, Poznan, PL); Martin Celko, Martin Bobak and Hynek Pikhart (National Institute of Public Health, Prague, CR) and Karel Pryl (City Development Authority, Prague, CR). All members of this team made invaluable contributions to all parts of the project, and this paper is a product of their joint effort and expertise. Omegam Amsterdam is gratefully acknowledged for providing data from their air quality monitoring network. Thanks are also due to the local authorities and health authorities in the four study areas – Amsterdam, Huddersfield, Prague and Poznan – for their assistance in carrying out this research.
Copyright:
Copyright 2004 Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam. All rights reserved.
PY - 1998/3
Y1 - 1998/3
N2 - Two-week average NO2 concentrations were measured in Amsterdam (NL), Huddersfield (UK) and Prague (CZ) at 80 sites in each study area, to assess small area spatial variation, using a tube type and a badge type passive sampler. The badges appeared to be less robust than the tubes. The lower detection limit for tubes and badges was 3.7 and 0.91 μg/m3, respectively for fortnightly measurements. Accuracy of the samplers was determined with reference methods (chemiluminescence). The mean ratio of the concentration measured by diffusion tube over that by the reference method was 1.16, 1.03 and 0.77 in Amsterdam, Huddersfield and Prague, respectively. Standardizing the badges for the results obtained in Amsterdam, the relative mean ratio of the concentration measured by the badges over that by the reference method was 0.95 and 0.58 in Huddersfield and Prague, respectively. NO2 concentrations measured by the two designs did not differ significantly. Mean NO2 concentrations were 36, 26 and 22 μg/m3 in Amsterdam, Huddersfield and Prague, respectively. The precision of duplicate tubes and badges was 8% and 11%, respectively. Both samplers are suitable for determining real variation in small area NO2 concentrations in the ranges which occurred. It is concluded that low-cost, simple NO2 passive samplers can provide reliable information about variation in NO2 concentrations within urban or rural areas on a small spatial scale, Based on its robustness and its precision, tubes were preferred over badges.
AB - Two-week average NO2 concentrations were measured in Amsterdam (NL), Huddersfield (UK) and Prague (CZ) at 80 sites in each study area, to assess small area spatial variation, using a tube type and a badge type passive sampler. The badges appeared to be less robust than the tubes. The lower detection limit for tubes and badges was 3.7 and 0.91 μg/m3, respectively for fortnightly measurements. Accuracy of the samplers was determined with reference methods (chemiluminescence). The mean ratio of the concentration measured by diffusion tube over that by the reference method was 1.16, 1.03 and 0.77 in Amsterdam, Huddersfield and Prague, respectively. Standardizing the badges for the results obtained in Amsterdam, the relative mean ratio of the concentration measured by the badges over that by the reference method was 0.95 and 0.58 in Huddersfield and Prague, respectively. NO2 concentrations measured by the two designs did not differ significantly. Mean NO2 concentrations were 36, 26 and 22 μg/m3 in Amsterdam, Huddersfield and Prague, respectively. The precision of duplicate tubes and badges was 8% and 11%, respectively. Both samplers are suitable for determining real variation in small area NO2 concentrations in the ranges which occurred. It is concluded that low-cost, simple NO2 passive samplers can provide reliable information about variation in NO2 concentrations within urban or rural areas on a small spatial scale, Based on its robustness and its precision, tubes were preferred over badges.
KW - Nitrogen dioxide
KW - Passive sampler
KW - Small area variation
KW - Urban air
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0032032545&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1023/A:1005703722232
DO - 10.1023/A:1005703722232
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:0032032545
SN - 0167-6369
VL - 50
SP - 37
EP - 51
JO - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment
JF - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment
IS - 1
ER -