Environmental and economic analysis of power generation in a thermophilic biogas plant

Diego Ruiz, G. San Miguel*, B. Corona, A. Gaitero, Angel Domínguez

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticleAcademicpeer-review

Abstract

This paper investigates the environmental and economic performance of the power production from biogas using Life Cycle Assessment, Life Cycle Costing and Cost Benefit Analysis methodologies. The analysis is based on a commercial thermophilic biogas plant located in Spain where is installed a Combined Heat and Power system that produces electricity that is sold to the grid. Power generation has been assumed as the only function of the biogas system, expanding the system boundaries to include the additional function related to the end-of-life management of the biowastes. Thus environmental burdens from the conventional management of residues were calculated separately and subtracted. The base scenario involves using agri-food waste, sewage sludge and pig/cow manure as substrates. This situation is compared against an alternative scenario where the production of synthetic fertilizer is surrogated by the digestate. The results have shown that the most impacting activities in all impacts categories of power production are primarily attributable to the operation and maintenance of the biogas plant except for water resource depletion and climate change. The avoided emissions associated with the conventional management of pig/cow manure more than offset GHG emissions of the biogas system resulting in a negative impact value of −73.9 g CO2 eq/kWh in the base case scenario. The normalized results show that local impact categories such as primarily human toxicity, fresh water ecotoxicity and particulate matter are the most significantly affected by the biogas system while global impact categories as climate change and ozone depletion are less severely affected. The operation and maintenance phase is also shown to be the largest contributor after the life cycle cost analysis, followed by the construction and dismantling of the biogas plant and the profitability of the project is primarily related to the income obtained from the management of the biowastes used as substrates.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)1418-1428
Number of pages11
JournalScience of the Total Environment
Volume633
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 15 Aug 2018
Externally publishedYes

Keywords

  • Biogas
  • Combined heat and power
  • LCA
  • Renewable energy resources
  • Waste valorisation

Fingerprint

Dive into the research topics of 'Environmental and economic analysis of power generation in a thermophilic biogas plant'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.

Cite this