Abstract
In the prevailing literature in urban economics, conducting research on urban systems at the national scale tends to provide an elegant but reductive approach to the functioning of these systems, assuming, in particular, that city size distributions are continuous. Based on an alternative framework drawing from research in ecology and complex adaptive systems, this article questions this approach by testing the discontinuity hypothesis within regional urban systems in France using two methods and long-term census data (1800–2015). We found that the distribution of city sizes over the 200+ years of population data from the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region was discontinuous for every year of data. The distributions consist of groups of similarly sized cities, separated by gaps (discontinuities) where there are no cities at all. The location and number of discontinuities were conservative over time, suggesting that the processes shaping size classes are conservative and largely independent of societal disturbances such as wars. The two methods used to identify discontinuities were highly congruent. Finally, the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region is comprised of three former regions, Aquitaine, Limousin and Poitou-Charentes, each of which also had discontinuous city size distributions with conservative structures over time. The study results question the traditional expectations about the growth and development of urban systems.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 869-884 |
Number of pages | 16 |
Journal | Urban Studies |
Volume | 60 |
Issue number | 5 |
Early online date | 1 Nov 2022 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - Apr 2023 |
Bibliographical note
Publisher Copyright:© Urban Studies Journal Limited 2022.
Funding
The author disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: The University of Bordeaux provides financial support for the conduct of the research and especially for the data formatting. The grant obtained is an IDEx one and the project is entitled DIFRUS (Discontinuities and French Regional Urban Systems).
Funders | Funder number |
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IDEx | |
Université de Bordeaux |
Keywords
- agglomeration
- city size distribution
- demographics
- method
- urban systems
- urbanisation