Detailed spatial analysis of renewables’ potential and heat: A study of Groningen Province in the northern Netherlands

Somadutta Sahoo; Christian Zuidema; Joost N.P. van Stralen; Jos Sijm; André Faaij

doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.119149

Detailed spatial analysis of renewables’ potential and heat: A study of Groningen Province in the northern Netherlands

Somadutta Sahoo^*
, Christian Zuidema
, Joost N.P. van Stralen
, Jos Sijm
, André Faaij

^*Corresponding author for this work

University of Groningen
Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Academic › peer-review

Abstract

Spatially sensitive regional renewables’ potentials are greatly influenced by existing land-use claims and related spatial and environmental policies. Similarly, heat particularly related to low-temperature demand applications in the built environment (BE) is highly spatially explicit. This study developed an analytical approach for a detailed spatial analysis of future solar PV, onshore wind, biomass, and geothermal and industrial waste heat potentials at a regional level and applied in the Dutch Province of Groningen. We included spatial policies, various spatial claims, and other land-use constraints in developing renewable scenarios for 2030 and 2050. We simultaneously considered major spatial claims and multiple renewable energy sources. Claims considered are the BE, agriculture, forest, nature, and network and energy infrastructure, with each connected to social, ecological, environmental, technical, economic, and policy-related constraints. Heat demand was further analyzed by creating highly granular demand density maps, comparing them with regional heat supply potential, and identifying the economic feasibility of heat networks. We analyzed the possibilities of combining multiple renewables on the same land. The 2050 renewable scenarios results ranged 2–66 PJ for solar PV and 0–48 PJ for onshore wind and biomass ranged 3.5–25 PJ for both 2030 and 2050. These large ranges of potentials show the significant impact of spatial constraints and underline the need for understanding how they shape future energy policies. The heat demand density map shows that future heat networks are feasible in large population centers. Our approach is pragmatic and replicable in other regions, subject to data availability.

Original language	English
Article number	119149
Number of pages	33
Journal	Applied Energy
Volume	318
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.119149
Publication status	Published - Jul 2022

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
We acknowledge the support provided by the ESTRAC Integrated Energy System Analysis Project financed by the New Energy Coalition (finance code: 656039). Additionally, the authors would like to thank Jon Limburger, Geoscientist, TNO, for valuable information regarding the processing of geothermal layers. The authors would like to express gratitude to Francesco Dalla Longa, researcher, TNO Energy Transition, for initial suggestions on the content of the method section. We also thank Geodienst, the GIS department of RUG, for support with the provisioning of appropriate data layers.

Funding Information:
We acknowledge the support provided by the ESTRAC Integrated Energy System Analysis Project financed by the New Energy Coalition (finance code: 656039). Additionally, the authors would like to thank Jon Limburger, Geoscientist, TNO, for valuable information regarding the processing of geothermal layers. The authors would like to express gratitude to Francesco Dalla Longa, researcher, TNO Energy Transition, for initial suggestions on the content of the method section. We also thank Geodienst, the GIS department of RUG, for support with the provisioning of appropriate data layers.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 The Author(s)

Funding

We acknowledge the support provided by the ESTRAC Integrated Energy System Analysis Project financed by the New Energy Coalition (finance code: 656039). Additionally, the authors would like to thank Jon Limburger, Geoscientist, TNO, for valuable information regarding the processing of geothermal layers. The authors would like to express gratitude to Francesco Dalla Longa, researcher, TNO Energy Transition, for initial suggestions on the content of the method section. We also thank Geodienst, the GIS department of RUG, for support with the provisioning of appropriate data layers. We acknowledge the support provided by the ESTRAC Integrated Energy System Analysis Project financed by the New Energy Coalition (finance code: 656039). Additionally, the authors would like to thank Jon Limburger, Geoscientist, TNO, for valuable information regarding the processing of geothermal layers. The authors would like to express gratitude to Francesco Dalla Longa, researcher, TNO Energy Transition, for initial suggestions on the content of the method section. We also thank Geodienst, the GIS department of RUG, for support with the provisioning of appropriate data layers.

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

SDG 7 Affordable and Clean Energy
SDG 15 Life on Land

Keywords

And biomass
Heat demand
Land-use constraints
Regional level
Renewable potential
Scenarios

Access to Document

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1-s2.0-S0306261922005244-main (1)Final published version, 37.1 MBLicence: CC BY

Cite this

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title = "Detailed spatial analysis of renewables{\textquoteright} potential and heat: A study of Groningen Province in the northern Netherlands",

abstract = "Spatially sensitive regional renewables{\textquoteright} potentials are greatly influenced by existing land-use claims and related spatial and environmental policies. Similarly, heat particularly related to low-temperature demand applications in the built environment (BE) is highly spatially explicit. This study developed an analytical approach for a detailed spatial analysis of future solar PV, onshore wind, biomass, and geothermal and industrial waste heat potentials at a regional level and applied in the Dutch Province of Groningen. We included spatial policies, various spatial claims, and other land-use constraints in developing renewable scenarios for 2030 and 2050. We simultaneously considered major spatial claims and multiple renewable energy sources. Claims considered are the BE, agriculture, forest, nature, and network and energy infrastructure, with each connected to social, ecological, environmental, technical, economic, and policy-related constraints. Heat demand was further analyzed by creating highly granular demand density maps, comparing them with regional heat supply potential, and identifying the economic feasibility of heat networks. We analyzed the possibilities of combining multiple renewables on the same land. The 2050 renewable scenarios results ranged 2–66 PJ for solar PV and 0–48 PJ for onshore wind and biomass ranged 3.5–25 PJ for both 2030 and 2050. These large ranges of potentials show the significant impact of spatial constraints and underline the need for understanding how they shape future energy policies. The heat demand density map shows that future heat networks are feasible in large population centers. Our approach is pragmatic and replicable in other regions, subject to data availability.",

keywords = "And biomass, Heat demand, Land-use constraints, Regional level, Renewable potential, Scenarios",

author = "Somadutta Sahoo and Christian Zuidema and \{van Stralen\}, \{Joost N.P.\} and Jos Sijm and Andr{\'e} Faaij",

note = "Funding Information: We acknowledge the support provided by the ESTRAC Integrated Energy System Analysis Project financed by the New Energy Coalition (finance code: 656039). Additionally, the authors would like to thank Jon Limburger, Geoscientist, TNO, for valuable information regarding the processing of geothermal layers. The authors would like to express gratitude to Francesco Dalla Longa, researcher, TNO Energy Transition, for initial suggestions on the content of the method section. We also thank Geodienst, the GIS department of RUG, for support with the provisioning of appropriate data layers. Funding Information: We acknowledge the support provided by the ESTRAC Integrated Energy System Analysis Project financed by the New Energy Coalition (finance code: 656039). Additionally, the authors would like to thank Jon Limburger, Geoscientist, TNO, for valuable information regarding the processing of geothermal layers. The authors would like to express gratitude to Francesco Dalla Longa, researcher, TNO Energy Transition, for initial suggestions on the content of the method section. We also thank Geodienst, the GIS department of RUG, for support with the provisioning of appropriate data layers. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022 The Author(s)",

year = "2022",

month = jul,

doi = "10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.119149",

language = "English",

volume = "318",

journal = "Applied Energy",

issn = "0306-2619",

publisher = "Elsevier BV",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Detailed spatial analysis of renewables’ potential and heat

T2 - A study of Groningen Province in the northern Netherlands

AU - Sahoo, Somadutta

AU - Zuidema, Christian

AU - van Stralen, Joost N.P.

AU - Sijm, Jos

AU - Faaij, André

N1 - Funding Information: We acknowledge the support provided by the ESTRAC Integrated Energy System Analysis Project financed by the New Energy Coalition (finance code: 656039). Additionally, the authors would like to thank Jon Limburger, Geoscientist, TNO, for valuable information regarding the processing of geothermal layers. The authors would like to express gratitude to Francesco Dalla Longa, researcher, TNO Energy Transition, for initial suggestions on the content of the method section. We also thank Geodienst, the GIS department of RUG, for support with the provisioning of appropriate data layers. Funding Information: We acknowledge the support provided by the ESTRAC Integrated Energy System Analysis Project financed by the New Energy Coalition (finance code: 656039). Additionally, the authors would like to thank Jon Limburger, Geoscientist, TNO, for valuable information regarding the processing of geothermal layers. The authors would like to express gratitude to Francesco Dalla Longa, researcher, TNO Energy Transition, for initial suggestions on the content of the method section. We also thank Geodienst, the GIS department of RUG, for support with the provisioning of appropriate data layers. Publisher Copyright: © 2022 The Author(s)

PY - 2022/7

Y1 - 2022/7

N2 - Spatially sensitive regional renewables’ potentials are greatly influenced by existing land-use claims and related spatial and environmental policies. Similarly, heat particularly related to low-temperature demand applications in the built environment (BE) is highly spatially explicit. This study developed an analytical approach for a detailed spatial analysis of future solar PV, onshore wind, biomass, and geothermal and industrial waste heat potentials at a regional level and applied in the Dutch Province of Groningen. We included spatial policies, various spatial claims, and other land-use constraints in developing renewable scenarios for 2030 and 2050. We simultaneously considered major spatial claims and multiple renewable energy sources. Claims considered are the BE, agriculture, forest, nature, and network and energy infrastructure, with each connected to social, ecological, environmental, technical, economic, and policy-related constraints. Heat demand was further analyzed by creating highly granular demand density maps, comparing them with regional heat supply potential, and identifying the economic feasibility of heat networks. We analyzed the possibilities of combining multiple renewables on the same land. The 2050 renewable scenarios results ranged 2–66 PJ for solar PV and 0–48 PJ for onshore wind and biomass ranged 3.5–25 PJ for both 2030 and 2050. These large ranges of potentials show the significant impact of spatial constraints and underline the need for understanding how they shape future energy policies. The heat demand density map shows that future heat networks are feasible in large population centers. Our approach is pragmatic and replicable in other regions, subject to data availability.

AB - Spatially sensitive regional renewables’ potentials are greatly influenced by existing land-use claims and related spatial and environmental policies. Similarly, heat particularly related to low-temperature demand applications in the built environment (BE) is highly spatially explicit. This study developed an analytical approach for a detailed spatial analysis of future solar PV, onshore wind, biomass, and geothermal and industrial waste heat potentials at a regional level and applied in the Dutch Province of Groningen. We included spatial policies, various spatial claims, and other land-use constraints in developing renewable scenarios for 2030 and 2050. We simultaneously considered major spatial claims and multiple renewable energy sources. Claims considered are the BE, agriculture, forest, nature, and network and energy infrastructure, with each connected to social, ecological, environmental, technical, economic, and policy-related constraints. Heat demand was further analyzed by creating highly granular demand density maps, comparing them with regional heat supply potential, and identifying the economic feasibility of heat networks. We analyzed the possibilities of combining multiple renewables on the same land. The 2050 renewable scenarios results ranged 2–66 PJ for solar PV and 0–48 PJ for onshore wind and biomass ranged 3.5–25 PJ for both 2030 and 2050. These large ranges of potentials show the significant impact of spatial constraints and underline the need for understanding how they shape future energy policies. The heat demand density map shows that future heat networks are feasible in large population centers. Our approach is pragmatic and replicable in other regions, subject to data availability.

KW - And biomass

KW - Heat demand

KW - Land-use constraints

KW - Regional level

KW - Renewable potential

KW - Scenarios

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DO - 10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.119149

M3 - Article

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SN - 0306-2619

VL - 318

JO - Applied Energy

JF - Applied Energy

M1 - 119149

ER -

Detailed spatial analysis of renewables’ potential and heat: A study of Groningen Province in the northern Netherlands

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Funding

UN SDGs

Keywords

Access to Document

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Cite this