CT- and MRI-based volumetry for Chiari-like malformation and syringomyelia in Pomeranians

Koen M Santifort; Ines Carrera; Paul J J Mandigers

doi:10.3389/fvets.2025.1549205

CT- and MRI-based volumetry for Chiari-like malformation and syringomyelia in Pomeranians

Koen M Santifort^*
, Ines Carrera
, Paul J J Mandigers^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

IVC Evidensia Small Animal Referral Hospital Arnhem
Vet Oracle Teleradiology
IVC Evidensia Small Animal Referral Hospital Arnhem

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Academic › peer-review

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Volumetric studies in relation to CM/SM have not been reported in Pomeranians. In this study, we aim to (1) report the intermodality agreement between CT- and MRI-based volumetric measurements of the skull and cervical spinal canal, and (2) assess for differences and associations between the volumetric measurements and CM/SM status.

METHODS: Pomeranians were included that underwent CT and MRI studies during the period of February 2022-June 2024. Frontal sinus volume (FSV), caudal cranial fossa volume (CCFV), rostral and middle cranial fossa volume (RMCFV), caudal cranial fossa parenchymal volume (CCFPV), rostral and middle cranial fossa parenchymal volume (RMCFPV), cerebellar parenchymal volume (CPV), brain stem parenchymal volume (BSPV), ventricular system volume (VSV), and spinal canal volume between C1-C7 (CSCV) were measured. CCFV to RMCFV volume index (VI) and CCFPV to CCFV (CCFPV%) were calculated. Agreement between MRI- and CT-based quantitative measurements was assessed with intraclass correlation coefficients. Inferential statistical tests including logistic regression modeling were performed to assess for associations between variables and CM/SM status.

RESULTS: For all volumetric assessments that were performed on both CT and MRI, agreement was good or excellent. There were significant differences between SM normal and abnormal dogs for body weight as well as all volumetric parameters except for CCFPV% and RMCFV. Multiple logistic regression showed that a smaller CCFV and larger VSV were associated with SM.

CONCLUSION: Smaller CCFV and larger VSV are associated with the development of SM in Pomeranians and have increased odds of SM.

Original language	English
Article number	1549205
Pages (from-to)	1549205
Journal	Frontiers in Veterinary Science
Volume	12
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2025.1549205
Publication status	Published - 26 Feb 2025

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
Copyright © 2025 Santifort, Carrera and Mandigers.

Funding

The author(s) declare that financial support was received for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. The authors declare that this study received funding from IVC Evidensia. The funder was not involved in the study design, collection, analysis, interpretation of data, the writing of this article, or the decision to submit it for publication.

Funders
IVC

Keywords

CM/SM
caudal cranial fossa
segmentation
ventricular system
volumetry

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fvets-1-1549205Final published version, 1.31 MBLicence: CC BY

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title = "CT- and MRI-based volumetry for Chiari-like malformation and syringomyelia in Pomeranians",

abstract = "INTRODUCTION: Volumetric studies in relation to CM/SM have not been reported in Pomeranians. In this study, we aim to (1) report the intermodality agreement between CT- and MRI-based volumetric measurements of the skull and cervical spinal canal, and (2) assess for differences and associations between the volumetric measurements and CM/SM status.METHODS: Pomeranians were included that underwent CT and MRI studies during the period of February 2022-June 2024. Frontal sinus volume (FSV), caudal cranial fossa volume (CCFV), rostral and middle cranial fossa volume (RMCFV), caudal cranial fossa parenchymal volume (CCFPV), rostral and middle cranial fossa parenchymal volume (RMCFPV), cerebellar parenchymal volume (CPV), brain stem parenchymal volume (BSPV), ventricular system volume (VSV), and spinal canal volume between C1-C7 (CSCV) were measured. CCFV to RMCFV volume index (VI) and CCFPV to CCFV (CCFPV\%) were calculated. Agreement between MRI- and CT-based quantitative measurements was assessed with intraclass correlation coefficients. Inferential statistical tests including logistic regression modeling were performed to assess for associations between variables and CM/SM status.RESULTS: For all volumetric assessments that were performed on both CT and MRI, agreement was good or excellent. There were significant differences between SM normal and abnormal dogs for body weight as well as all volumetric parameters except for CCFPV\% and RMCFV. Multiple logistic regression showed that a smaller CCFV and larger VSV were associated with SM.CONCLUSION: Smaller CCFV and larger VSV are associated with the development of SM in Pomeranians and have increased odds of SM.",

keywords = "CM/SM, caudal cranial fossa, segmentation, ventricular system, volumetry",

author = "Santifort, \{Koen M\} and Ines Carrera and Mandigers, \{Paul J J\}",

note = "Publisher Copyright: Copyright {\textcopyright} 2025 Santifort, Carrera and Mandigers.",

year = "2025",

month = feb,

day = "26",

doi = "10.3389/fvets.2025.1549205",

language = "English",

volume = "12",

pages = "1549205",

journal = "Frontiers in Veterinary Science",

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T1 - CT- and MRI-based volumetry for Chiari-like malformation and syringomyelia in Pomeranians

AU - Santifort, Koen M

AU - Carrera, Ines

AU - Mandigers, Paul J J

PY - 2025/2/26

Y1 - 2025/2/26

N2 - INTRODUCTION: Volumetric studies in relation to CM/SM have not been reported in Pomeranians. In this study, we aim to (1) report the intermodality agreement between CT- and MRI-based volumetric measurements of the skull and cervical spinal canal, and (2) assess for differences and associations between the volumetric measurements and CM/SM status.METHODS: Pomeranians were included that underwent CT and MRI studies during the period of February 2022-June 2024. Frontal sinus volume (FSV), caudal cranial fossa volume (CCFV), rostral and middle cranial fossa volume (RMCFV), caudal cranial fossa parenchymal volume (CCFPV), rostral and middle cranial fossa parenchymal volume (RMCFPV), cerebellar parenchymal volume (CPV), brain stem parenchymal volume (BSPV), ventricular system volume (VSV), and spinal canal volume between C1-C7 (CSCV) were measured. CCFV to RMCFV volume index (VI) and CCFPV to CCFV (CCFPV%) were calculated. Agreement between MRI- and CT-based quantitative measurements was assessed with intraclass correlation coefficients. Inferential statistical tests including logistic regression modeling were performed to assess for associations between variables and CM/SM status.RESULTS: For all volumetric assessments that were performed on both CT and MRI, agreement was good or excellent. There were significant differences between SM normal and abnormal dogs for body weight as well as all volumetric parameters except for CCFPV% and RMCFV. Multiple logistic regression showed that a smaller CCFV and larger VSV were associated with SM.CONCLUSION: Smaller CCFV and larger VSV are associated with the development of SM in Pomeranians and have increased odds of SM.

AB - INTRODUCTION: Volumetric studies in relation to CM/SM have not been reported in Pomeranians. In this study, we aim to (1) report the intermodality agreement between CT- and MRI-based volumetric measurements of the skull and cervical spinal canal, and (2) assess for differences and associations between the volumetric measurements and CM/SM status.METHODS: Pomeranians were included that underwent CT and MRI studies during the period of February 2022-June 2024. Frontal sinus volume (FSV), caudal cranial fossa volume (CCFV), rostral and middle cranial fossa volume (RMCFV), caudal cranial fossa parenchymal volume (CCFPV), rostral and middle cranial fossa parenchymal volume (RMCFPV), cerebellar parenchymal volume (CPV), brain stem parenchymal volume (BSPV), ventricular system volume (VSV), and spinal canal volume between C1-C7 (CSCV) were measured. CCFV to RMCFV volume index (VI) and CCFPV to CCFV (CCFPV%) were calculated. Agreement between MRI- and CT-based quantitative measurements was assessed with intraclass correlation coefficients. Inferential statistical tests including logistic regression modeling were performed to assess for associations between variables and CM/SM status.RESULTS: For all volumetric assessments that were performed on both CT and MRI, agreement was good or excellent. There were significant differences between SM normal and abnormal dogs for body weight as well as all volumetric parameters except for CCFPV% and RMCFV. Multiple logistic regression showed that a smaller CCFV and larger VSV were associated with SM.CONCLUSION: Smaller CCFV and larger VSV are associated with the development of SM in Pomeranians and have increased odds of SM.

KW - CM/SM

KW - caudal cranial fossa

KW - segmentation

KW - ventricular system

KW - volumetry

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/86000534683

U2 - 10.3389/fvets.2025.1549205

DO - 10.3389/fvets.2025.1549205

M3 - Article

C2 - 40078213

SN - 2297-1769

VL - 12

SP - 1549205

JO - Frontiers in Veterinary Science

JF - Frontiers in Veterinary Science

M1 - 1549205

ER -

CT- and MRI-based volumetry for Chiari-like malformation and syringomyelia in Pomeranians

Abstract

Bibliographical note

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Keywords

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