TY - JOUR
T1 - Cross-sectional associations between air pollution and chronic bronchitis
T2 - an ESCAPE meta-analysis across five cohorts
AU - Cai, Yutong
AU - Schikowski, Tamara
AU - Adam, Martin
AU - Buschka, Anna
AU - Carsin, Anne-Elie
AU - Jacquemin, Benedicte
AU - Marcon, Alessandro
AU - Sanchez, Margaux
AU - Vierkoetter, Andrea
AU - Al-Kanaani, Zaina
AU - Beelen, Rob
AU - Birk, Matthias
AU - Brunekreef, Bert
AU - Cirach, Marta
AU - Clavel-Chapelon, Franoise
AU - Declercq, Christophe
AU - de Hoogh, Kees
AU - de Nazelle, Audrey
AU - Ducret-Stich, Regina E.
AU - Ferretti, Virginia Valeria
AU - Forsberg, Bertil
AU - Gerbase, Margaret W.
AU - Hardy, Rebecca
AU - Heinrich, Joachim
AU - Hoek, Gerard
AU - Jarvis, Debbie
AU - Keidel, Dirk
AU - Kuh, Diana
AU - Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark J.
AU - Ragettli, Martina S.
AU - Ranzi, Andrea
AU - Rochat, Thierry
AU - Schindler, Christian
AU - Sugiri, Dorothea
AU - Temam, Sofia
AU - Tsai, Ming-Yi
AU - Varraso, Raphaelle
AU - Kauffmann, Francine
AU - Kraemer, Ursula
AU - Sunyer, Jordi
AU - Kuenzli, Nino
AU - Probst-Hensch, Nicole
AU - Hansell, Anna L.
PY - 2014/11
Y1 - 2014/11
N2 - Background This study aimed to assess associations of outdoor air pollution on prevalence of chronic bronchitis symptoms in adults in five cohort studies (Asthma-E3N, ECRHS, NSHD, SALIA, SAPALDIA) participating in the European Study of Cohorts for Air Pollution Effects (ESCAPE) project.Methods Annual average particulate matter (PM10, PM2.5, PMabsorbance, PMcoarse), NO2, nitrogen oxides (NOx) and road traffic measures modelled from ESCAPE measurement campaigns 2008-2011 were assigned to home address at most recent assessments (1998-2011). Symptoms examined were chronic bronchitis (cough and phlegm for >= 3 months of the year for >= 2 years), chronic cough (with/without phlegm) and chronic phlegm (with/without cough). Cohort-specific cross-sectional multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted using common confounder sets (age, sex, smoking, interview season, education), followed by meta-analysis.Results 15 279 and 10 537 participants respectively were included in the main NO2 and PM analyses at assessments in 1998-2011. Overall, there were no statistically significant associations with any air pollutant or traffic exposure. Sensitivity analyses including in asthmatics only, females only or using back-extrapolated NO2 and PM10 for assessments in 1985-2002 (ECRHS, NSHD, SALIA, SAPALDIA) did not alter conclusions. In never-smokers, all associations were positive, but reached statistical significance only for chronic phlegm with PMcoarse OR 1.31 (1.05 to 1.64) per 5 mu g/m(3) increase and PM10 with similar effect size. Sensitivity analyses of older cohorts showed increased risk of chronic cough with PM2.5abs (black carbon) exposures.Conclusions Results do not show consistent associations between chronic bronchitis symptoms and current traffic-related air pollution in adult European populations.
AB - Background This study aimed to assess associations of outdoor air pollution on prevalence of chronic bronchitis symptoms in adults in five cohort studies (Asthma-E3N, ECRHS, NSHD, SALIA, SAPALDIA) participating in the European Study of Cohorts for Air Pollution Effects (ESCAPE) project.Methods Annual average particulate matter (PM10, PM2.5, PMabsorbance, PMcoarse), NO2, nitrogen oxides (NOx) and road traffic measures modelled from ESCAPE measurement campaigns 2008-2011 were assigned to home address at most recent assessments (1998-2011). Symptoms examined were chronic bronchitis (cough and phlegm for >= 3 months of the year for >= 2 years), chronic cough (with/without phlegm) and chronic phlegm (with/without cough). Cohort-specific cross-sectional multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted using common confounder sets (age, sex, smoking, interview season, education), followed by meta-analysis.Results 15 279 and 10 537 participants respectively were included in the main NO2 and PM analyses at assessments in 1998-2011. Overall, there were no statistically significant associations with any air pollutant or traffic exposure. Sensitivity analyses including in asthmatics only, females only or using back-extrapolated NO2 and PM10 for assessments in 1985-2002 (ECRHS, NSHD, SALIA, SAPALDIA) did not alter conclusions. In never-smokers, all associations were positive, but reached statistical significance only for chronic phlegm with PMcoarse OR 1.31 (1.05 to 1.64) per 5 mu g/m(3) increase and PM10 with similar effect size. Sensitivity analyses of older cohorts showed increased risk of chronic cough with PM2.5abs (black carbon) exposures.Conclusions Results do not show consistent associations between chronic bronchitis symptoms and current traffic-related air pollution in adult European populations.
KW - OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY-DISEASE
KW - TERM AMBIENT CONCENTRATIONS
KW - USE REGRESSION-MODELS
KW - RESPIRATORY SYMPTOMS
KW - NONSMOKING POPULATION
KW - PARTICULATE MATTER
KW - AUTOMOBILE EXHAUST
KW - ADULTS SAPALDIA
KW - EXPOSURE
KW - HEALTH
U2 - 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2013-204352
DO - 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2013-204352
M3 - Article
SN - 0040-6376
VL - 69
SP - 1005
EP - 1014
JO - Thorax
JF - Thorax
IS - 11
ER -