Complex variations in sediment transport at three large river bifurcations during discharge waves in the river Rhine

Roy Frings, Maarten Kleinhans

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceedingChapterAcademicpeer-review

Abstract

River bifurcations strongly control the distribution of water and sediment over a river system. A good understanding of this distribution process is crucial for river management. In this paper an extensive dataset from 3 large bifurcations in the Dutch Rhine is presented, containing data on bed-load transport, suspended bed sediment transport, dune development and hydrodynamics. The data show complex variations in sediment transport during discharge waves. The objective of this chapter is to examine and explain these measured variations in sediment transport. It is found that bend sorting upstream of the bifurcations leads to supply limitation, particularly in the downstream branch that originates in the outer bend of the main channel. Tidal water level variations lead to cyclical variations in the sediment distribution over the downstream branches. Lags in dune development cause complex hysteresis patterns in flow parameters and sediment transport. All bifurcations show evidence of sediment waves, which probably are intrinsic bifurcation phenomena. The complex transport processes at the three bifurcations cause distinct discontinuities in the downstream fining trend of the river. Differences among the studied river bifurcations are mainly due to differences in sediment mobility (Shields value). Because the variations in sediment transport are complex and poorly correlated with the flow discharge, prediction of the sediment distribution with existing relations for ID models is problematic.

Original languageEnglish
Title of host publicationFrom gravel to sand
Subtitle of host publicationDownstream fining of bed sediments in the lower river Rhine
Pages57-94
Number of pages38
Edition368
Publication statusPublished - 2007

Publication series

NameNederlandse Geografische Studies
Number368
ISSN (Print)0169-4839

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