Complete genome sequence of the prototype lactic acid bacterium Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris MG1363

Udo Wegmann, Mary O'Connell-Motherway, Aldert Zomer, Girbe Buist, Claire Shearman, Carlos Canchaya, Marco Ventura, Alexander Goesmann, Michael J Gasson, Oscar P Kuipers, Douwe van Sinderen, Jan Kok

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticleAcademicpeer-review

    Abstract

    Lactococcus lactis is of great importance for the nutrition of hundreds of millions of people worldwide. This paper describes the genome sequence of Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris MG1363, the lactococcal strain most intensively studied throughout the world. The 2,529,478-bp genome contains 81 pseudogenes and encodes 2,436 proteins. Of the 530 unique proteins, 47 belong to the COG (clusters of orthologous groups) functional category "carbohydrate metabolism and transport," by far the largest category of novel proteins in comparison with L. lactis subsp. lactis IL1403. Nearly one-fifth of the 71 insertion elements are concentrated in a specific 56-kb region. This integration hot-spot region carries genes that are typically associated with lactococcal plasmids and a repeat sequence specifically found on plasmids and in the "lateral gene transfer hot spot" in the genome of Streptococcus thermophilus. Although the parent of L. lactis MG1363 was used to demonstrate lysogeny in Lactococcus, L. lactis MG1363 carries four remnant/satellite phages and two apparently complete prophages. The availability of the L. lactis MG1363 genome sequence will reinforce its status as the prototype among lactic acid bacteria through facilitation of further applied and fundamental research.

    Original languageEnglish
    Pages (from-to)3256-70
    Number of pages15
    JournalJournal of Bacteriology
    Volume189
    Issue number8
    DOIs
    Publication statusPublished - Apr 2007

    Keywords

    • Bacillus Phages
    • Bacterial Proteins
    • Base Sequence
    • Carbohydrate Metabolism
    • Genome, Bacterial
    • Genome, Viral
    • Lactococcus lactis
    • Molecular Sequence Data
    • Plasmids
    • Prophages

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