Classification of compact objects and model comparison using EOS knowledge

Hauke Koehn; Thibeau Wouters; Henrik Rose; Peter T.H. Pang; Rahul Somasundaram; Ingo Tews; Tim Dietrich

doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.110.103015

Classification of compact objects and model comparison using EOS knowledge

Hauke Koehn^*
, Thibeau Wouters^*
, Henrik Rose^*
, Peter T.H. Pang
, Rahul Somasundaram
, Ingo Tews
, Tim Dietrich

^*Corresponding author for this work

University of Potsdam
Syracuse University
Los Alamos National Laboratory

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Academic › peer-review

Abstract

Nuclear theory and experiments, alongside astrophysical observations, constrain the equation of state (EOS) of supranuclear-dense matter. Conversely, knowledge of the EOS allows an improved interpretation of nuclear or astrophysical data. In this article, we use several established constraints on the EOS and the new NICER measurement of PSR J0437-4715 to comment on the nature of the primary companion in GW230529 and the companion of PSR J0514-4002E. We find that, with a probability of 84% and 68%, respectively, both objects are black holes. These likelihoods increase to above 95% when one uses GW170817's remnant as an upper limit on the TOV mass. We also demonstrate that the current knowledge of the EOS substantially disfavors high masses and radii for PSR J0030+0451, inferred recently when combining NICER with XMM-Newton background data and using particular hot-spot models. Finally, we also use our obtained EOS knowledge to comment on measurements of the nuclear symmetry energy, finding that the large value predicted by the PREX-II measurement displays some mild tension with other constraints on the EOS.

Original language	English
Article number	103015
Journal	Physical Review D
Volume	110
Issue number	10
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.110.103015
Publication status	Published - 15 Nov 2024

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2024 American Physical Society.

Funding

We thank Ewan D. Barr and Paulo C. C. Freire for fruitful discussions and for providing the data of the PSR J0514-4002E system. We thank Brendan T. Reed for discussions regarding the symmetry energy measurements. We further want to express our gratitude to Olaf Drummer and Peter Torsten Lubbe of Alter Pferdestall Fahren, whose hospitality drove the conceptual stages of this work. We also thank the Institute for Nuclear Theory at the University of Washington for its kind hospitality and stimulating research environment. We acknowledge funding from the Daimler and Benz Foundation for the project "NUMANJI. " T. W. and P. T. H. P are supported by the research program of the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO). R. S. acknowledges support from the Nuclear Physics from Multi-Messenger Mergers (NP3M) Focused Research Hub which is funded by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. 21-16686 and by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development program of Los Alamos National Laboratory under Project No. 20220541ECR. I. T. was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Nuclear Physics, under Contract No. DE-AC52-06NA25396; by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development program of Los Alamos National Laboratory under Project No. 20230315ER; and by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research, Scientific Discovery through Advanced Computing (SciDAC) NUCLEI program. This research was supported in part by the INT's U.S. Department of Energy Grant No. DE-FG02-00ER41132. This research used resources of the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC) , a U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science User Facility located at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, operated under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231 using NERSC Grant No. ERCAP0028885. This research used resources of the national supercomputer HPE Apollo Hawk at the High Performance Computing (HPC) Center Stuttgart (HLRS) under the Grant No. GWanalysis/44189. This research used resources of the GCS Supercomputer SuperMUC_NG at the LeibnizSupercomputing Centre (LRZ) (Project No. pn29ba) . This material is based upon work supported by NSF's LIGO Laboratory which is a major facility fully funded by the National Science Foundation. The project was also supported by the European Union (ERC, SMArt, Grant No. 101076369).r R. S. acknowledges support from the Nuclear Physics from Multi-Messenger Mergers (NP3M) Focused Research Hub which is funded by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. 21-16686 and by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development program of Los Alamos National Laboratory under Project No. 20220541ECR. I. T. was sup-ported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Nuclear Physics, under Contract No. DE-AC52-06NA25396; by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development program of Los Alamos National Laboratory under Project No. 20230315ER; and by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research, Scientific Discovery through Advanced Computing (SciDAC) NUCLEI program. This research was supported in part by the INT's U.S. Department of Energy Grant No. DE-FG02-00ER41132. This research used resour-ces of the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC) , a U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science User Facility located at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, operated under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231 using NERSC Grant No. ERCAP0028885. This research used resources of the national supercomputer HPE Apollo Hawk at the High Performance Computing (HPC) Center Stuttgart (HLRS) under the Grant No. GWanalysis/44189. This research used resources of the GCS Supercomputer SuperMUC_NG at the Leibnizr Supercomputing Centre (LRZ) (Project No. pn29ba) . This material is based upon work supported by NSF's LIGO Laboratory which is a major facility fully funded by the National Science Foundation. The project was also supported by the European Union (ERC, SMArt, Grant No. 101076369) . Views and opinions expressed are those of the authors only and do not necessarily reflect those of the European Union or the European Research Council. Neither the European Union nor the granting authority can be held responsible for them.

Funders	Funder number
Supercomputing Centre (LRZ)
NSF's LIGO Laboratory - National Science Foundation
European Union (ERC)	101076369

Access to Document

10.1103/PhysRevD.110.103015

PhysRevD.110.103015Final published version, 812 KB

Cite this

@article{f463615b92774272ae7b1e2e6a601e7a,

title = "Classification of compact objects and model comparison using EOS knowledge",

abstract = "Nuclear theory and experiments, alongside astrophysical observations, constrain the equation of state (EOS) of supranuclear-dense matter. Conversely, knowledge of the EOS allows an improved interpretation of nuclear or astrophysical data. In this article, we use several established constraints on the EOS and the new NICER measurement of PSR J0437-4715 to comment on the nature of the primary companion in GW230529 and the companion of PSR J0514-4002E. We find that, with a probability of 84\% and 68\%, respectively, both objects are black holes. These likelihoods increase to above 95\% when one uses GW170817's remnant as an upper limit on the TOV mass. We also demonstrate that the current knowledge of the EOS substantially disfavors high masses and radii for PSR J0030+0451, inferred recently when combining NICER with XMM-Newton background data and using particular hot-spot models. Finally, we also use our obtained EOS knowledge to comment on measurements of the nuclear symmetry energy, finding that the large value predicted by the PREX-II measurement displays some mild tension with other constraints on the EOS.",

author = "Hauke Koehn and Thibeau Wouters and Henrik Rose and Pang, \{Peter T.H.\} and Rahul Somasundaram and Ingo Tews and Tim Dietrich",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2024 American Physical Society.",

year = "2024",

month = nov,

day = "15",

doi = "10.1103/PhysRevD.110.103015",

language = "English",

volume = "110",

journal = "Physical Review D",

issn = "2470-0010",

publisher = "American Physical Society",

number = "10",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Classification of compact objects and model comparison using EOS knowledge

AU - Koehn, Hauke

AU - Wouters, Thibeau

AU - Rose, Henrik

AU - Pang, Peter T.H.

AU - Somasundaram, Rahul

AU - Tews, Ingo

AU - Dietrich, Tim

PY - 2024/11/15

Y1 - 2024/11/15

N2 - Nuclear theory and experiments, alongside astrophysical observations, constrain the equation of state (EOS) of supranuclear-dense matter. Conversely, knowledge of the EOS allows an improved interpretation of nuclear or astrophysical data. In this article, we use several established constraints on the EOS and the new NICER measurement of PSR J0437-4715 to comment on the nature of the primary companion in GW230529 and the companion of PSR J0514-4002E. We find that, with a probability of 84% and 68%, respectively, both objects are black holes. These likelihoods increase to above 95% when one uses GW170817's remnant as an upper limit on the TOV mass. We also demonstrate that the current knowledge of the EOS substantially disfavors high masses and radii for PSR J0030+0451, inferred recently when combining NICER with XMM-Newton background data and using particular hot-spot models. Finally, we also use our obtained EOS knowledge to comment on measurements of the nuclear symmetry energy, finding that the large value predicted by the PREX-II measurement displays some mild tension with other constraints on the EOS.

AB - Nuclear theory and experiments, alongside astrophysical observations, constrain the equation of state (EOS) of supranuclear-dense matter. Conversely, knowledge of the EOS allows an improved interpretation of nuclear or astrophysical data. In this article, we use several established constraints on the EOS and the new NICER measurement of PSR J0437-4715 to comment on the nature of the primary companion in GW230529 and the companion of PSR J0514-4002E. We find that, with a probability of 84% and 68%, respectively, both objects are black holes. These likelihoods increase to above 95% when one uses GW170817's remnant as an upper limit on the TOV mass. We also demonstrate that the current knowledge of the EOS substantially disfavors high masses and radii for PSR J0030+0451, inferred recently when combining NICER with XMM-Newton background data and using particular hot-spot models. Finally, we also use our obtained EOS knowledge to comment on measurements of the nuclear symmetry energy, finding that the large value predicted by the PREX-II measurement displays some mild tension with other constraints on the EOS.

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85209735753

U2 - 10.1103/PhysRevD.110.103015

DO - 10.1103/PhysRevD.110.103015

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85209735753

SN - 2470-0010

VL - 110

JO - Physical Review D

JF - Physical Review D

IS - 10

M1 - 103015

ER -

Classification of compact objects and model comparison using EOS knowledge

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Funding

Access to Document

Other files and links

Fingerprint

Cite this