Being flexible or rigid in goal-directed behavior: When positive affect implicitly motivates the pursuit of goals or means

Hans Marien*, Henk Aarts, Ruud Custers

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticleAcademicpeer-review

Abstract

Building on previous research on the role of positive affect as implicit motivator we investigated both flexibility and rigidity in goal-directed behavior. Given that goal-directed behavior can be represented in terms of goals or means, we suggest that goal-directed behavior is more flexible in switching means when positive affect implicitly motivates a person to reach the goal, but is more rigid in switching means when positive affect implicitly motivates a person to perform a specific means. Three experiments corroborated this idea: the speed of switching from a learned goal-directed means to a new means was facilitated when positive affect was attached to the representation of the goal, whereas this switching was slowed down when positive affect was attached to the representation of the learned means. Together, these findings provide new insights into the occurrence of flexibility and rigidity in implicitly motivated goal-directed behavior.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)277-283
Number of pages7
JournalJournal of Experimental Social Psychology
Volume48
Issue number1
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Jan 2012

Keywords

  • Flexibility
  • Implicit motivation
  • Positive affect
  • Rigidity
  • Unconscious goal pursuit

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