Associations between air pollution and pediatric eczema, rhinoconjunctivitis and asthma: A meta-analysis of European birth cohorts

Elaine Fuertes; Jordi Sunyer; Ulrike Gehring; Daniela Porta; Francesco Forastiere; Giulia Cesaroni; Martine Vrijheid; Mònica Guxens; Isabella Annesi-Maesano; Rémy Slama; Dieter Maier; Manolis Kogevinas; Jean Bousquet; Leda Chatzi; Aitana Lertxundi; Mikel Basterrechea; Ana Esplugues; Amparo Ferrero; John Wright; Dan Mason; Rosie McEachan; Judith Garcia-Aymerich; Bénédicte Jacquemin

doi:10.1016/j.envint.2020.105474

Associations between air pollution and pediatric eczema, rhinoconjunctivitis and asthma: A meta-analysis of European birth cohorts

Elaine Fuertes, Jordi Sunyer, Ulrike Gehring, Daniela Porta, Francesco Forastiere, Giulia Cesaroni, Martine Vrijheid, Mònica Guxens, Isabella Annesi-Maesano, Rémy Slama, Dieter Maier, Manolis Kogevinas, Jean Bousquet, Leda Chatzi, Aitana Lertxundi, Mikel Basterrechea, Ana Esplugues, Amparo Ferrero, John Wright, Dan MasonRosie McEachan, Judith Garcia-Aymerich, Bénédicte Jacquemin

IRAS OH Epidemiology Chemical Agents

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Academic › peer-review

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Uncertainly continues to exist regarding the role of air pollution on pediatric asthma and allergic conditions, especially as air pollution levels have started to decrease in recent decades.

OBJECTIVE: We examined associations of long-term air pollution levels at the home address with pediatric eczema, rhinoconjunctivitis and asthma prevalences in five birth cohorts (BIB, EDEN, GASPII, RHEA and INMA) from seven areas in five European countries.

METHODS: Current eczema, rhinoconjunctivitis and asthma were assessed in children aged four (N = 6527) and eight years (N = 2489). A multi-morbidity outcome (≥2 conditions versus none) was also defined. Individual outdoor levels of nitrogen dioxide (NO2), nitrogen oxides, mass of particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter <10 μm (PM10), 10-2.5 μm (PMcoarse) and <2.5 μm (PM2.5), and PM2.5 absorbance were assigned to the birth, four- and eight-year home addresses using highly defined spatial air pollution exposure models. Cohort-specific cross-sectional associations were assessed using logistic regression models adjusted for demographic and environmental covariates and combined in a random effects meta-analysis.

RESULTS: The overall prevalence of pediatric eczema, rhinoconjunctivitis and asthma at four years was 15.4%, 5.9% and 12.4%. We found no increase in the prevalence of these outcomes at four or eight years with increasing air pollution exposure. For example, the meta-analysis adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for eczema, rhinoconjunctivitis and asthma at four years were 0.94 (0.81, 1.09), 0.90 (0.75, 1.09), and 0.91 (0.74, 1.11), respectively, per 10 μg/m3 increase in NO2 at the birth address, and 1.00 (0.81, 1.23), 0.70 (0.49, 1.00) and 0.88 (0.54, 1.45), respectively, per 5 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 at the birth address.

DISCUSSION: In this large meta-analysis of five birth cohorts, we found no indication of adverse effects of long-term air pollution exposure on the prevalence of current pediatric eczema, rhinoconjunctivitis or asthma.

Original language	English
Article number	105474
Number of pages	11
Journal	Environment international
Volume	136
Issue number	3
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2020.105474
Publication status	Published - Mar 2020

Keywords

Air Pollutants/toxicity
Air Pollution
Asthma
Child
Conjunctivitis/epidemiology
cross-sectional studies
Birth cohort
Eczema
Rhinoconjunctivitis

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10.1016/j.envint.2020.105474

Meta-analysis of European birth cohortsFinal published version, 621 KBLicence: CC BY-NC-ND

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Fuertes, E., Sunyer, J., Gehring, U., Porta, D., Forastiere, F., Cesaroni, G., Vrijheid, M., Guxens, M., Annesi-Maesano, I., Slama, R., Maier, D., Kogevinas, M., Bousquet, J., Chatzi, L., Lertxundi, A., Basterrechea, M., Esplugues, A., Ferrero, A., Wright, J., ... Jacquemin, B. (2020). Associations between air pollution and pediatric eczema, rhinoconjunctivitis and asthma: A meta-analysis of European birth cohorts. Environment international, 136(3), Article 105474. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2020.105474

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title = "Associations between air pollution and pediatric eczema, rhinoconjunctivitis and asthma: A meta-analysis of European birth cohorts",

abstract = "BACKGROUND: Uncertainly continues to exist regarding the role of air pollution on pediatric asthma and allergic conditions, especially as air pollution levels have started to decrease in recent decades.OBJECTIVE: We examined associations of long-term air pollution levels at the home address with pediatric eczema, rhinoconjunctivitis and asthma prevalences in five birth cohorts (BIB, EDEN, GASPII, RHEA and INMA) from seven areas in five European countries.METHODS: Current eczema, rhinoconjunctivitis and asthma were assessed in children aged four (N = 6527) and eight years (N = 2489). A multi-morbidity outcome (≥2 conditions versus none) was also defined. Individual outdoor levels of nitrogen dioxide (NO2), nitrogen oxides, mass of particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter <10 μm (PM10), 10-2.5 μm (PMcoarse) and <2.5 μm (PM2.5), and PM2.5 absorbance were assigned to the birth, four- and eight-year home addresses using highly defined spatial air pollution exposure models. Cohort-specific cross-sectional associations were assessed using logistic regression models adjusted for demographic and environmental covariates and combined in a random effects meta-analysis.RESULTS: The overall prevalence of pediatric eczema, rhinoconjunctivitis and asthma at four years was 15.4%, 5.9% and 12.4%. We found no increase in the prevalence of these outcomes at four or eight years with increasing air pollution exposure. For example, the meta-analysis adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for eczema, rhinoconjunctivitis and asthma at four years were 0.94 (0.81, 1.09), 0.90 (0.75, 1.09), and 0.91 (0.74, 1.11), respectively, per 10 μg/m3 increase in NO2 at the birth address, and 1.00 (0.81, 1.23), 0.70 (0.49, 1.00) and 0.88 (0.54, 1.45), respectively, per 5 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 at the birth address.DISCUSSION: In this large meta-analysis of five birth cohorts, we found no indication of adverse effects of long-term air pollution exposure on the prevalence of current pediatric eczema, rhinoconjunctivitis or asthma.",

keywords = "Air Pollutants/toxicity, Air Pollution, Asthma, Child, Conjunctivitis/epidemiology, cross-sectional studies, Birth cohort, Eczema, Rhinoconjunctivitis",

author = "Elaine Fuertes and Jordi Sunyer and Ulrike Gehring and Daniela Porta and Francesco Forastiere and Giulia Cesaroni and Martine Vrijheid and M{\`o}nica Guxens and Isabella Annesi-Maesano and R{\'e}my Slama and Dieter Maier and Manolis Kogevinas and Jean Bousquet and Leda Chatzi and Aitana Lertxundi and Mikel Basterrechea and Ana Esplugues and Amparo Ferrero and John Wright and Dan Mason and Rosie McEachan and Judith Garcia-Aymerich and B{\'e}n{\'e}dicte Jacquemin",

year = "2020",

month = mar,

doi = "10.1016/j.envint.2020.105474",

language = "English",

volume = "136",

journal = "Environment international",

issn = "0160-4120",

publisher = "Elsevier Limited",

number = "3",

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Fuertes, E, Sunyer, J, Gehring, U, Porta, D, Forastiere, F, Cesaroni, G, Vrijheid, M, Guxens, M, Annesi-Maesano, I, Slama, R, Maier, D, Kogevinas, M, Bousquet, J, Chatzi, L, Lertxundi, A, Basterrechea, M, Esplugues, A, Ferrero, A, Wright, J, Mason, D, McEachan, R, Garcia-Aymerich, J & Jacquemin, B 2020, 'Associations between air pollution and pediatric eczema, rhinoconjunctivitis and asthma: A meta-analysis of European birth cohorts', Environment international, vol. 136, no. 3, 105474. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2020.105474

TY - JOUR

T1 - Associations between air pollution and pediatric eczema, rhinoconjunctivitis and asthma

T2 - A meta-analysis of European birth cohorts

AU - Fuertes, Elaine

AU - Sunyer, Jordi

AU - Gehring, Ulrike

AU - Porta, Daniela

AU - Forastiere, Francesco

AU - Cesaroni, Giulia

AU - Vrijheid, Martine

AU - Guxens, Mònica

AU - Annesi-Maesano, Isabella

AU - Slama, Rémy

AU - Maier, Dieter

AU - Kogevinas, Manolis

AU - Bousquet, Jean

AU - Chatzi, Leda

AU - Lertxundi, Aitana

AU - Basterrechea, Mikel

AU - Esplugues, Ana

AU - Ferrero, Amparo

AU - Wright, John

AU - Mason, Dan

AU - McEachan, Rosie

AU - Garcia-Aymerich, Judith

AU - Jacquemin, Bénédicte

PY - 2020/3

Y1 - 2020/3

N2 - BACKGROUND: Uncertainly continues to exist regarding the role of air pollution on pediatric asthma and allergic conditions, especially as air pollution levels have started to decrease in recent decades.OBJECTIVE: We examined associations of long-term air pollution levels at the home address with pediatric eczema, rhinoconjunctivitis and asthma prevalences in five birth cohorts (BIB, EDEN, GASPII, RHEA and INMA) from seven areas in five European countries.METHODS: Current eczema, rhinoconjunctivitis and asthma were assessed in children aged four (N = 6527) and eight years (N = 2489). A multi-morbidity outcome (≥2 conditions versus none) was also defined. Individual outdoor levels of nitrogen dioxide (NO2), nitrogen oxides, mass of particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter <10 μm (PM10), 10-2.5 μm (PMcoarse) and <2.5 μm (PM2.5), and PM2.5 absorbance were assigned to the birth, four- and eight-year home addresses using highly defined spatial air pollution exposure models. Cohort-specific cross-sectional associations were assessed using logistic regression models adjusted for demographic and environmental covariates and combined in a random effects meta-analysis.RESULTS: The overall prevalence of pediatric eczema, rhinoconjunctivitis and asthma at four years was 15.4%, 5.9% and 12.4%. We found no increase in the prevalence of these outcomes at four or eight years with increasing air pollution exposure. For example, the meta-analysis adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for eczema, rhinoconjunctivitis and asthma at four years were 0.94 (0.81, 1.09), 0.90 (0.75, 1.09), and 0.91 (0.74, 1.11), respectively, per 10 μg/m3 increase in NO2 at the birth address, and 1.00 (0.81, 1.23), 0.70 (0.49, 1.00) and 0.88 (0.54, 1.45), respectively, per 5 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 at the birth address.DISCUSSION: In this large meta-analysis of five birth cohorts, we found no indication of adverse effects of long-term air pollution exposure on the prevalence of current pediatric eczema, rhinoconjunctivitis or asthma.

AB - BACKGROUND: Uncertainly continues to exist regarding the role of air pollution on pediatric asthma and allergic conditions, especially as air pollution levels have started to decrease in recent decades.OBJECTIVE: We examined associations of long-term air pollution levels at the home address with pediatric eczema, rhinoconjunctivitis and asthma prevalences in five birth cohorts (BIB, EDEN, GASPII, RHEA and INMA) from seven areas in five European countries.METHODS: Current eczema, rhinoconjunctivitis and asthma were assessed in children aged four (N = 6527) and eight years (N = 2489). A multi-morbidity outcome (≥2 conditions versus none) was also defined. Individual outdoor levels of nitrogen dioxide (NO2), nitrogen oxides, mass of particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter <10 μm (PM10), 10-2.5 μm (PMcoarse) and <2.5 μm (PM2.5), and PM2.5 absorbance were assigned to the birth, four- and eight-year home addresses using highly defined spatial air pollution exposure models. Cohort-specific cross-sectional associations were assessed using logistic regression models adjusted for demographic and environmental covariates and combined in a random effects meta-analysis.RESULTS: The overall prevalence of pediatric eczema, rhinoconjunctivitis and asthma at four years was 15.4%, 5.9% and 12.4%. We found no increase in the prevalence of these outcomes at four or eight years with increasing air pollution exposure. For example, the meta-analysis adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for eczema, rhinoconjunctivitis and asthma at four years were 0.94 (0.81, 1.09), 0.90 (0.75, 1.09), and 0.91 (0.74, 1.11), respectively, per 10 μg/m3 increase in NO2 at the birth address, and 1.00 (0.81, 1.23), 0.70 (0.49, 1.00) and 0.88 (0.54, 1.45), respectively, per 5 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 at the birth address.DISCUSSION: In this large meta-analysis of five birth cohorts, we found no indication of adverse effects of long-term air pollution exposure on the prevalence of current pediatric eczema, rhinoconjunctivitis or asthma.

KW - Air Pollutants/toxicity

KW - Air Pollution

KW - Asthma

KW - Child

KW - Conjunctivitis/epidemiology

KW - cross-sectional studies

KW - Birth cohort

KW - Eczema

KW - Rhinoconjunctivitis

U2 - 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105474

DO - 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105474

M3 - Article

C2 - 31962272

SN - 0160-4120

VL - 136

JO - Environment international

JF - Environment international

IS - 3

M1 - 105474

ER -

Associations between air pollution and pediatric eczema, rhinoconjunctivitis and asthma: A meta-analysis of European birth cohorts

Abstract

Keywords

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